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AN EXAMINATION OF
LEADERSHIP STYLES ADOPTED BY SMALL SCALE BUSINESS MANAGERS
ABSTRACT
This study aims at the leadership styles adopted by managers
of small scale business Enugu state with particular reference to Nicodo
Industries Ltd Emene Enugu Urban metropolis.
In accomplishing the aim of this study, the researcher
surveyed a particular small scale business in Enugu urban and sampled the
opinions of managers in order to get information on the following .
Distribution of sex managers in small scale industry, capital
information of small scale industry, leadership styles been adopted by
managers, number of labour force employed, the growth of their business
compared by the managers.
Problems encountered by managers in performing their task,
grievance and law.
They are tackled by managers and motivation as criteria for
high employee’s performance. In seeking
and getting the required information of this study, questionnaire and personal
interview were used.
The researcher also reviewed the related literature of what
authors opined about the leadership styles of small scale managers. The majority o the respondents believes that
the styles they are now adopting.
The researcher concluded that owners /managers of these
business want to adopt the best form of leadership in order to succeed and
remain in business.
The researcher recommended the adoption of a new leadership
styles called Auto-Democratic to actualize both long run and short-run plans of
any business unit. Also the government
should help to train managers/ owners on the new managerial skills for
effectiveness and efficiency
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OS
THE STUDY
Organizations
are established bearing in mind a number of reasons. They are either
established as charity organisation or as business Organizations. The activities of charity Organizations are
philanthropic in nature in which case, their main objectives is non-profit
oriented. On the other hand, organisation
which are into business may be set up either by government, individuals or a
combination of the efforts of both, but whether government owned or
individually owned, their objective is mainly profit-oriented. These business Organizations are established
to provide goods and or services either on large scale or small scale. The profit aspect to setting up business is
assumed to be an ultimate objective out of a host of other objectives.
The success
in achieving the set objective in nay organisation is strongly attributed to
the functions activities or contribution made by the management in terms of the
leadership.
Leadership is
an important concept in any organisation and it is viewed from different
perspectives by different people as a result of the different notions held,
with regards to this concept, different approaches are being applied its study
and consequently different styles adopted in its practicability.
The
researcher are particularly concerned about the examination of these different
leadership styles adopted by management in order to achieve the objectives of
the organisation especially in small scale business. Too many leadership styles exist which are
adopted by business managers all through the globle. According to Lawin, leadership can be
characterized as autocratic, participative and laisse fair.
The problem
as to the particular style that should be adopted inversely in industries so as
to achieve growth and efficiency has been crucial to management.
According to
Douglas Mc gregor, he stated that “the situational approach to leadership
should result and one major conclusion for present day management and provide a
heterogeneous supply of human resources from which individuals can be selected
to fill a variety, but unpredictable needs”
The study of
leadership style adopted by small scale business managers present a contribution to the search t the
improvement of management guards especially in Enugu Metropolis and in Nigeria as
a whole. The style adopted by the
manager will enhance the leader followers relationship existing between the
management and staff. This relationship
thus, affects general performance as well as output in the enterprise. Managers
in every organisation always want the best performance out of workers, but in
the country lack the knowledge of knowing which style to adopt in order to
achieve their aim. Where they have such
knowledge, they are indecisive as to which style to adopt.
This study,
therefore has set for itself a task of
enlisting and critically examining the various leadership styles adopted by
small scale business managers in Enugu metropolis with a view of guiding the
small scale business manager in their choice of a style that will suit their
business must, and thereafter achieve effectiveness and efficiency.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Is the leadership styles adopted by the manager, effective in
achievement of the Organizations objective ?
1. It is
such questions as above that led to this work prior to this study, I observed
such situations where the styles are effective whereas in other they are not,
most after, the various Organizations
2. To
ascertain why the leadership styles adopted by various small scale industries
in Enugu metropolis are ineffective in achieving their organizational
objectives.
3. To
determine if employees, job performance will be improved by their workers
leadership style.
4. To find
out if some managers in their leadership recognizes or shows confidence in
their workers potentialities.
5. To
verify the extent an employer can choose his workers and the type of leadership
to adopt.
6. To find
out why there is inadequate workforce in the organisation.
1.3 PURPOSE
OF HE STUDY
1. The
purpose of this study is to critically examine how the leadership style of
managers of small scale business in Enugu urban metropolis effect the
efficiency and effectiveness of such small scale enterprises with the view
to achieving the organizations belief.
2. To
examine the leadership styles adopted by
the managers in an organisation to profit managers, their subordinates and
infact the entire society in appreciating and coming to terms with the new
reality and on the side of leader or owners of business.
3. To
find out why some managers do not understand what leadership is all about,
those that know have no misconception of the idea of leadership.
4.
Moreover to know the types of workers he has and type of leadership
style he will adopt in order to suit the workers for effective production.
5. To
ascertain this, without subordinates there won’t be ;leaders, so the study of
leadership styles in small scale industries will go a long way to enhance good
support between owners and workers.
On this basic, this study has become seriously important in
order to ascertain which of the leadership styles is best for small scale
enterprises.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OS THE STUDY
Significantly, a research usually is geared towards
discovering hidden, doubtful, unknown and necessary knowledge. In this regard, this study has exposed a lot
of management practices and leadership styles which are recommended for
effective leadership especially in small scale business. It has exposed a lot
more leadership styles that are not peculiar to Nigerian scene, but which can
still be practiced effectively in Nigerian business world.
This study will help small scale managers see the
secret of those sales. It will also been of immense help to any person pattern
of small scale business with regards to leadership.
1.5 SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
This study examine the leadership styles adopted in small
scale industries using Enugu metropolis involving a survey of Nicodo industries
Emene Enugu within the small scale business.
1.6 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
1. The
leadership styles adopted by the welfare makes an effectiveness of the workers
(Ho)
2. The
leadership styles adopted in the various industries promote inter-personal
communication within them (Ho).
3. The leadership style in the
small scale business promote the motivation of workers (Ho)
1.7 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What
type of leadership styles do your organisation adopt ?
2. Do
you consider your employees as been happy with the type of leadership styles
adopted ?
3. What
type of communication system do your organisation adopt ?
4. What
types of leadership style should be able to be used to manager the resources at
its disposal ?
5. Do
you see motivation by leaders a must for industrial harmony and growth.
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.
AUTOCRATIC - This leadership in which production is emphasized even at
the expense of the human considerations:
2.
LAISSEZ – FAIRE – The leadership takes a passive starle towards the
problems of the group or the organisation.
3.
PARTICIPATIVE – The leadership that claims to demonstrate democracy to
the group, but is in reality international autocratic.
4.
ORGANISATION – A group of persons working together for a common purpose
and good.
5.
MANAGEMENT – A group of persons that gathered together of the smooth
running of the affairs of the organisation
6.
LEADERSHIP – As enter personal influence exercised in situation and
directed through the communication process towards the attainment of a
specified goal or goals.
7.
EXPLOITATION – They are the people who engage in adventures of act (i e
the brilliant achievement for the success the organizational goals.
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