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A STUDY ON MANAGEMENT
PROBLEMS OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY
ABSTRACT
This research work is aimed at finding the course of
organization and management problems of rural water supply programme in Anambra
state water corporation of the rural water supply. To guide this study,
thirteen (13) research questions were formulated and tested with percentages.
Based on the findings, some major findings include that the Anambra state water
corporation have adequate material for implementing their works and services
Nigeria had adversely affected the functionality of the rural water supply.
Finally, it is found that the aim and objectives of rural water supply
programme have not been achieved in Anambra. Based on the above finding, some
major recommendations were made for effective implementations. Were made for
effective implementations:
1. The
management of water corporation Anambra should pay staff their monthly salaries
or wags in order to encourage staff for effective work.
2. Management
in assessing the candidates for recruitment should consider the qualification of
the qualified once in order to avoid weak staff or incompetent once.
3. The aims
of the organization will be achieved if the management participates effectively
with the above points.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO
THE STUDY
Nigeria is blessed by nature with a lot of natural resources
amongst which water in one of them. In 1980 the labored Health organization
(LAHO) holds meeting at Lagos during the meeting, it was confirmed that Nigeria
is blessed with abundant water resources, the excess of which has been causing
flood and erosion in many parts of the country such as Orifite, Obosi, Ojo etc.
However the distribution of this water resources was not
evenly spread over the country, life and other agricultural activities every
year irrespective of the drought that frequently occur in the no their part of
the country man has been obtaining water for domestic and other purposes since
man’s creation later supply can therefore be said to be as old as man itself.
In spite of the availability of resources labored Health
organization (LAHO) (1976) maintained that” its supply to the majority of the
population especially the unbalances is very much inadequate” Anambra state of
Niger Edited No 16 (1978) simply rejoined rural water supply as a wide category
of scheme ranging from a well width bucket’s supplying water to a few isolated
but to river pumping scheme from such simple treatment as communal stands pipes
to tap in individual homes and provision for livestock and vegetable gardens.
Ilo (1991) however stated that various traditional means of
obtaining water has been developed by individual and communities both in rural
and urban areas.
The united nation Economics commission for Africa (1973) confirmed that it was only about 20% of the
population of Nigeria that have access to such facilities were not being served
sufficiently.
Thus the need for the provision of adequate water supply and
salutation is highly appreciated. And this had promoted the choice of the topic
on the management problems of rural water supply in Anambra state water
corporation, with a view to recommending solution, which if accepted would help
to solve those problems and as well, facilitates, to the alleviation of the
problem of eh people.
Water corporation Anambra state was establishing as a
parastatal under Anambra state of Nigeria Edict No. 16 of (1978). The
corporation was originally charged with statutory responsibility of supplying
drinking water to all rural communities. It was formerly the water section of
their East central state ministry of works and Housing. The general manager is
responsible of the day to day running of the commissioner of the government
board, is responsible for policy matter only.
Umeh (1993) stated that the corporation is presently operating
eleven zonal officers in the local government of Idemili. He stated that the
corporation is principally maintained form government subventions and budget
allocation for capital projects and from internally generated revenue water
tariffs, sales of maters, fees etc. for its day to day operations.
Most people in the rural areas of Anambra state also obtain
theirs form an elaborate and well organized water venting system which is run
by the private sector. About 275 Tanker Trucks collect water form private bore
holes and sell it to house holds and business equipped with water storage
facilities. May of these house holds an business resell water by the bucket to
individuals who cannot afford large storage tanks or who cannot be reached by
tanker trucks during the dry season, the private water vending system collects
about 24 times as much revenue as the public water utility on an annual basis
households in rural areas of Anambra state pay water vendors over twice the
operation and maintenance cost of piped distribution system.
1.2 STAEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
Rural communities in Anambra state such as Ojota, Oba,
Oraifite, Newi etc many of them growing industrial and commercial towns have
been adequate supply of potable water. The potable water supply inadequacies
being experienced in the rural communities were brought about by many factors.
Despite the huge amount of money being sum up into these rural water supply.
Yet water is still very inadequate.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF
THE STUDY
The purpose of this research project on the management
problems of rural water supply in Anambra state water corporation is to
investigate the following:
1. To what
extent are the aims and objectives of rural water supply programme being
achieved in Nigeria with particular reference to rural communities in Anambra
state.
2. To find out
the extent adequacy and suitability of materials and human resources for change
in rural water supply programme in the state.
3. To
ascertain the extent to which the change in government and leadership affect
the steady water supply.
4. To find out
the extent to which the management problems affect the functionality of the
rural water supply services in Nigeria with respect to Anambra state.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS.
To guide this study five research questions are formulated,
they include the following
1. What are
the characteristics of rural water supply and socio-economic characteristics of
rural household?
2. To what
extent are the aims and objectives of rural water supply programme being
achieved?
3. How
adequate and suitable are the materials and human resources for change in rural
water supply programme in the state.
4. To what extent
does the management problems affect the functionality of rural water supply
service.
5. To what
extent does the changes of government and leadership affect the management of
water corporation.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The issue of the benefit in effective and increased water
supply in the rural areas cannot be over emphasized as it has been stated
earlier. Inadequate water supply coupled by sanitation has been the bare of
rural communities in Anambra state.
The growing industrial and commercial knows have been without
adequate supply of potable water since the collapse of many boreholes and
non-communities in the state.
It is however hoped that the research will highlight to the
management of the water corporation problems in rural areas of the state of the
state and provide information which if utilized will help in finding solution
to the above problem
The information gathered form this study is also expected to
serve as a basic for social policy
decision which will enable the government to design specific policies that will
be beneficial to the communities and will improve and enhance the efficiency of
water corporation.
It is also hoped that participation in this research project
will help to broaden the knowledge of the researcher in the management.
1.6 THE SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
As a result of time and inadequate water supply coupled by
sanitation had been the bare of the rural communities in Anambra state.
Consequently, the research is limited to four villages state
water corporation the study covered both the household and the staff of the
corporation in to ensure that they are represented.
1.7 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
Management could be defined as a social process entailing
responsibilities an operation of an enterprise in fulfill responsibilities
involves.
Judgment and decision in determining plans and progress
against plans and guidance integration. Motivation and supervision.
Corporation is a business organization made up of a number of
owners who have right to do business as a single legal unit.
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