A STUDY ON THE CONSTRAINS, DIFFICULTIES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENSEPA IN MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE/REFUSE
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A STUDY ON THE
CONSTRAINS, DIFFICULTIES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENSEPA IN MANAGEMENT OF SOLID
WASTE/REFUSE
ABSTRACT
This research project is a very crucial study for the
effective management of solid waste in Enugu urban. This study was motivated as a result of the
adverse effect of undisposed and improperly managed solid waste on the
environment and health of the people.
To solve this problem, both primary and secondary data were
collected. The research instrument used
in collecting the data were questionnaires, oral interview and persona observation. The respondents comprises of 15 ENSEPA
officers and 333 of the various household in the urban city. In organizing and presenting data collected,
tables and percentages were used.
Various hypothesis were tested using the Z test.
Data analysis and interpretation give the following findings:
1.
Effective management of solid waste needed a lot of money which is
beyond the capabilities of ENSEPA.
2. Also
the urban environment regulation control as it affect solid waste management
have been more theoretical than substantial.
Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that:
a. The
state government should consider strengthening its law and legislation on
environmental abuse with a view to making them well defined and easily
enforced.
b.
Since financial is beyond the capacities of the agency, there is
therefore need for a joint effect of the state and federal government in terms
of finance in tackling this unfriendly issue of solid waste.
c. It
was also recommended that ENSEPA should be privatized to ensure effective and
efficient management of solid waste in the urban area of Enugu state.
The conclusion of the study is that there is need for the
federal, state and local government to play defined roles in the management of
urban solid waste to ensure an evolution of efficient and effective solid waste
management system in Nigerian urban cities.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
Enugu urban of 1990 was very different from what it is today.
About some decades ago, people dutifully swept the ground outside their
environment every morning such that a visitor could not help noticing that
everywhere was neat, including the surroundings shops premises and businesses,
even the gutters were clean and dry. There seems to be a consciousness for
neatness among residents of the city which resulted to a clean and healthy
city.
But Enugu,
the one time clean and attractive city is almost turning to a city of garbade
and slum.
This
unhealthy appearance of the city is shocking despite the effort of the
government to arouse this consciousness of neatness again among the residents,
still the urban city is congested with waste that litters the streets,
encroaches on drainages and in the open spaces. To the extent that one way
begin to wonder how effective the strategies wrapped out by government towards
refuse management are functioning since the environment still presents an ugly sight,
litters of rubbish, and refuse round the yards, along the road and some times
very close to most offices. This shows that there must be difficulties and
constraints to the proper disposal of this waste in the state. Example of the
garbage degraded environment include Aaron, Uwani, to mention just a few. This
problem of refuse management ie worldwide for example, in April 1972 in
Switzerland refuse disposal was one of the 36 items which the world health
organization (WHO) technical committee recommended for research with a view to
finding the technique of refuse disposal. The national environmental sanitation
Authority set up in Nigeria justified the magnitude of the problem by mapping
out a way of proper disposal of this refuse. It is interesting to recall that cleanliness caps and prizes were donated
by the federal government while launching the cleanliness competition of 1985.
The cleanest state was expected to win N 1. m prize. This was promoted
throughout the country and in response many states drafted edicts to guide them
in the drive to maintain high environmental sanitation. Enugu state was not
lift out in this changing era.
ENSEPA – The Enugu state agency in charge of solid waste
disposal has also contributed immensely to this problem of refuse disposal
management. They did so by organizing seminar and workshops, symposium, even
this recent jingles over the ratio thereby urging the public to massively
participate in order to ensure that dirty
is fully eradicated in our environments. It is on this premises that
this work of research is being carried
out to view how this agency in change of waste disposal in Enugu state that is
Enugu state environmental protection agency
(ENSEPA) has been battling to rid off our streets with the
heaps of refuse that now litter our neighbourhood. The study will also look
into the difficulties and constraints of this Agency in their pursuit to save
the environment from this omen.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
PROBLEMS
The inefficient and ineffective method of refuse
disposal in Enugu Urban has settled in an unsanitary condition in the urban
town. A casual observer may not only notice litters along the streets and
illegal dumping of waste material but also perceive the harsh odour of polluted
air in parts of Enugu as a result of decomposed waste, faces and poorly kept
and drained gutter or drainage channels lining the side of the street. Inspite
of the various anti – garbage campaigns by the government agencies in the
state, yet the aesthetic quality of our city is still being disfigured due to
the indiscriminate dumping of refuse by masses. This is a clear proof that
there are some obstacle to the efficient and effective management of waste
disposal in the state, which the authority – ENSEPA encounters that has hindered
them from rising up to the challenges of waste disposal and also mapping out a
sustainable programme for effective waste disposal management. It is on this
background that has prompted the researcher into this research work, which is
aimed at reviewing the current system of refuse disposal in Enugu metropolis:
review also what it has contributed, the obstacles and difficulties that ENSEPA
encounters in their pursuit to eradicate dirt from our environment.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTION
The management
of solid waste in Enugu Urban centers is of great concern to the researcher,
government and the general public. This is as a result of the adverse effects
of indisposed improperly managed solid waste on the environment and health of
the people.
Consequents upon this premises, it is the
aim of this research work:-
(i) To
identify the existing problems or impediments to the management if solid
waste..
(ii) To
evaluate the efficiency and also asses the effectiveness of ENSEPA in the
management of solid waste disposal.
(iii) To find
out whether ENSEPA provides any statutory body to penalize environmental
polluters.
(iv) To
identify and document the difficulties and constraints that opposes problem to the
effective disposal of waste by ENSEPA.
(v) To make
recommendation based on the findings of that research that will contribute to
the improvement of solid waste management in Enugu Urban.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTION
Weighing the
whole environment of Enugu state precisely Enugu Urban, in terms of sanitation.
The questions are:
(i) Are
there constraints in the proper management of waste disposal in Enugu Urban?
(ii) What
difficulties do ENSEPA encounter in the management of waste in Enugu Urban?
(iii) What
are the contributions of ENSEPA in Enugu Urban especially in proper waste
disposal?
(iv) Does
ENSEPA play their role well in the disposal of waste in Enugu Urban?
1.5 STATEMENT OF
HYPOTHESIS
(i) Ho:
ENSEPA do not encounter difficulties in waste disposal.
Hi: ENSEPA encounters difficulties in waste disposal.
(ii) HO:
ENSEPA do not contribute in management of solid waste disposal in Enugu Urban.
Hi: ENSEPA contributes in the management of solid waste
disposal in Enugu urban.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY
This study
will be useful to policy maker to take a second look on these problems and
difficulties that ENSEPA is encountering in their pursuit to ensure that Enugu
urban is attractively clean, and then bring a seemly lasting solution to the
problems. Also it is of importance to the researcher for his award of Higher
Diploma Certificate in Business Administration and management.
1.7 SCOPE
This researcher study is centred on the role of that ENSEPA
plays in disposing of solid waste in the state. Also the study particularly
dealt on solid waste (refuse) disposal. It is not involve with the chemistry of
waste treatment, recycling and any other means of waste management.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE
STUDY
This research
study was militated by a lot of constraints that made the researcher to skip
certain vital and relevant area. These constraints includes:
(1) Financial and
time constraint: Due to lack of finance and time which is not at all at the
researchers disposal, this research work was limited to only Enugu metropolis.
(2) Uncooperative
attitude of the respondent: some of the respondents refused bluntly to be
interviewed while others returned their questionnaires bank may be they thought
their responses would of its 40,000 teachers serving in the 2,012 primary and
427 post primary school in the state.
He said, that he state schools management board had embarked
on an annual appraisal of the performances of school heads to ensure that only
competent school administrators were accorded the privilege of heading of
school.
“That was the reason why the seminar which theme is
continuous professional growth and development was organized, aimed at updating
the skills and competences of school heads.
PROMOTION AND TRANSFAR
Although
promotion and transfer are used by management as part of an employee
development programme and for motivational purposes, they will also have a
major bearing upon he succession needs of the organization despite the fact
that employee expectations are often tempered by existing practice. It is for
management to study pass promotion patterns and try to predict whether or not
any changes will affect the internal supply situations. Here again,
quantitative information is essential in order to assess potential for
promotion at various levels.
An essential
part of any external manpower audit is an assessment of the productivity of the
labour force. This can be achieved through basic work study techniques and
comparisons with other organizations.
The information obtained can then be used as part of the
overall planning process and will obviously affect management policies
regarding or retaining mechanization etc a part from the human relations
aspects and the industrial relations implications.
In Useni
(1997, p;2) the minister of federal capital territory (FCT). It gen. Jeremiah
Useni, gave directors in the ministry a one month ultimatum to compile the list
of redundant workers in their various departments for retrendiment.
Addressing
some directors and senior officials of the ministry in Abuja, at the weekend,
Useni charged all directors to take inventory of those considered “active and
effective” from the “redundant and active” ones.
He expressed
regret that the federal capital territory administration spect over N30 million
monthly on staff salaries, pointing out that the output of the workers was too
low from the huge amount committed to their walfare.
“There is no
need to retain this large number of workers who just room about the ministry’s
premises doing nothing”.
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