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THE IMPACT OF TIME MANAGEMENT IN
EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY IN ORGANIZATIONS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
Organization comprises of individuals performing
various activities which enable them to achieve objectives for which they are
established.
Cole (2002) says that these various tasks varies
in time span that is the time required to perform a specific task
in organization varies from job to job hence the need for effective management
of time by the organization is
discharged of various organizational responsibilities.
It is
against this backdrop that Tailor (1977) developed “the time and motion study” time and motion study which reveals
exactly how long it takes to perform a task and the best way to perform it.
This enables organization to know how much output
they can expect in a given time in support to this principles. Taylor
(1977) demonstrates the benefit of increase employees productivity and earnings
which he had obtained at the Bethlehem
steel works.
He described to his critics an experiment with two
shoulders “first class shoulders” in his word whose effort were timed and studies each man had his own personal shovel which he
used regardless of the type of coal being shifted.
At first the average shovel load was about 38 pounds
and with this loan each man handled about 25 tons of materials a day. Daily
tonnage up to 30 eventually it was found out that with smaller shovels
averaging about 21 pounds per load the daily output rose even higher.
George and James (1996) says that management is
prioritizing and estimating techniques that allow workers to identify the most
importance task and fit them with their daily work schedule.
This enable workers to make better use of their
time whenever we went to perform
some task. We are not presently doing
this, so we have to displace other activities to make room for it. There it
lies the secret of what it referred to as effective time managements to be
effective we displace less importance task with more important ones that have
stress. If we tend to be objective about time. We will discover that for every
reward that we receive either in a given labour it is not for the effort of the
job rendered but for the time involved or time taken to do such a job.
Cordiner (1990) says that effective impact of time
management is everything in every viable organization. There exist variety of
techniques that organization can employ to ensure effective and efficient
impact management of time by employees to enhance its productivity.
This study is an attempt to identity these
techniques and how the impact of time management enhances an employee
productivity in organization.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
This study is concerned with the impact of time
management on employees productivity at the Kaduna State Universal Basic
Education Board. It has been noticed that most organization tends to experience
the problem of management of time in what is set in motion to achieve. Thus, the study intends to find out the role
of time management or the absence of it in achieving employees productivity
among staff of the State Universal Basic Education Board.
The question that one will like to ask include is
it due to poor time management that production among staff of the
Universal Basic Education Board is not efficient and effective or;
At what level do staff of the state universal
Basic Education Board effectively utilize time management to achieve
productivity?.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main propose of this study is to find out the
impact of time management in the productivity of workers in the organization understudy.
However, in specific terms the study seeks the
following objectives;
1.
To assess the
impact of time management on productivity in organization.
2.
To determine
how time is managed in organization for productivity purpose.
3.
To identify
the problem of time management in the organization.
4.
To offer
recommendations that will assists in time management.
1.4 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis are formulated to guide
this study which will be tested in chapter four.
Ho: effective time management does not enhance
employees productivity in organization.
Hi: effective time management enhances employee
productivity in organization.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings
of this study will be beneficial to the staff of Kaduna state universal Basic Education Board, the organization itself and
other researchers.
First of all the staff will benefit
from this study as the study
explore ways by which time is to
be managed and the impact of time management
with respect to identifying or
principles will also be explored. The
staff will also have full knowledge of
how to allocate time in carrying out their duties with emphasis
laid on importance of time as it impact
on productivity. More so this study is beneficial to the entire organization as
useful recommendation will be made this will serve as eye opener for the
organization to put in place effective impact of time machineries
However, the aim of
this study is also to try to produce a frame upon which additional information
will be built upon in respect to time management on employee’s productivity for
research and allied purposes.
This study also serves
as an effective tool for future purpose and guidance on related subject matter
(time management) as it affects employees productivity in organization.
Finally, it is
important because it is a pre-requisite for the award of higher National
Diploma in Human Resource Management.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study will cover the impact of time management
among staff of the State Universal Basic Education Board and will cover the
period of 2008 to 2009.
This research therefore will attempt to review
time management and its impacts on employee’s productivity in the Kaduna State
Universal Basic Education Board.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Time limitation – the implicit of time between
when the research is free an when the respondent is free to attend to research,
most management staff were either too busy
or not on seat to attend to the
research while the research is having time conflict.
The problem of finance was also encountered, this is so
because the study was self supervised. Finally, the research experienced
problems during data collection as some respondents proved difficult. However,
they were convinced and persuaded to
complete the questionnaire which most of them did in order to ensure that the
study was a success.
1.8 HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDOF THE CASE STUDY
The Kaduna State Universal Basic education in
Board (KDSUBEB) as one among the component organs of the Universal Basic
Education Commission (UBEC) was established by edict No. 3 of 1994 on 1st
January, 1994 by the then state military administrator, Col. Lawal Jafaru Isa
(now Brig. General Rtd) as Kaduna
state primary education Board. But with the formal launching of the UBE in
Sokoto state by the commander in chief of the federal Republic
of Nigeria , former president Chief
Olusegun Obasanjo in 27th May, 1999 and subsequently signing of the
state edict establishing the state Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) in Kaduna June 2005, the
programme became fully operated.
FUNCTIONS
The sole aim of establishing the board was to
revitalize Basic Education in Kaduna
state thus, its main functions as contained in the state edict of 1994 include:
a.
Management of
Basic Education in the state.
b.
Recruitment,
appointment, promotion and discipline of teaching and non-teaching staff.
c.
Employment and
posting of staff, including interstate transfer.
d.
Disbursement
of funds provided to it from both federal and state sources.
e.
Setting up an
effective and functional supervisory units.
f.
Retirement and
re-absorption of teachers
g.
Undertaking
new capital projects.
h.
Responsibility
for the approval, training and retraining of teaching and non-teaching staff.
i.
Assessment and
funding of salaries and allowances of teaching and non-teaching staff based
on the scheme of service drawn up by the education board.
j.
Education that
annual reports are rendered by head of schools on teachers appointed to serve
them.
k.
Preparing
testimonial and certificates of services for teaching and non-teaching staff
whenever necessary.
l.
Dealing with
leave matters including annual vacations.
m.
Ensuring
annual auditing of accounts
n.
Performing such other functions as may be
assigned to the education board by the commissioner of education.
Also, the local government education Authorities
LGEAs have been established in each of the Local government Council Areas with
a part time chairman, eight part-time members and secretary who is the chief
executive and accounting officer at the local Government education Authority.
The District education committee (DEC) has also been established at the
district level with a part time Chairman. All the committees are fully
functional for effective supervision of schools at the Local Government
Education Authority level, the Board has divided the state into nine zone with
3-4 inspectors monitoring each zone and they are responsible and answerable to
the Directors of inspectorate at the Headquarters.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Organization: A group of people brought together for the
purpose of achieving certain objectives.
EMPLOYEE: One employed by another for wages and salary,
they are at the same time concerned with the survival of the business entity
not necessarily because they love it, so seeking their economic incomes and
perhaps their psychic income elsewhere.
SUBORDINATE: A person who is of lower rank in job taking
order from his superiors.
TIME: limited period as between two events for
completion of an action.
DELEGATE: To give part of one’s power right
responsibilities or work to another for certain time.
PRIORITY: Arrangement of something’s that needs attention
before others.
TIME BUDGET: The preparation of detailed time table of work
of activities in order to help improve time management and efficiency.
MANAGEMENT: it is the process of planning, organizing,
staffing, coordinating and controlling the effort of organizational members and
utilizing resources to achieve given organizational goals.
PRODUCTIVITY: This refers to relationship between output of
goods and services and the input of resources, human and non human used.
KDSUBEB: Kaduna
state Universal/Basic Education Board.
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