STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING LOW ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KADUNA STATE (A CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KADUNA LOCAL GOVERNMENT)
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STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING LOW ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH
LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KADUNA STATE
(A
CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KADUNA LOCAL GOVERNMENT)
ABSTRACT
This study examines strategies for
improving low academic performance in English language in secondary schools in
Kaduna state. Over the years, there has been a consistent decline in students’
performance in English Language. This sordid situation has caused teachers,
parents, curriculum experts and evaluators a serious concern. To carry out this
investigation, data were collected from thirty eight (38) English language
teachers randomly from twenty secondary schools in Kaduna North Local
Government Area. Analysis of the data revealed that poorly trained English
language teachers, poor instructional delivery, lack of infrastructural
facilities, teachers’ attitude toward innovation, and the traditional
content/knowledge oriented curriculum were factors associated with students’
low performance in English language. Based on the findings recommendations were
made on strategies that will improve the quality of performance in the subject.
In this work, data collected in the area of material, facilities and human
resources available for teaching the subject, using questionnaire, personal
interview and relevant textbooks. Put together, the research questionnaire
distributed were forty.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page - - - - - - - - - i
Approval
page - - - - - - - - ii
Declaration - - - - - - - - - iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgment - - - - - - - - v
Abstract - - - - - - - - - vi
Table
of Contents - - - - - - - - vii
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study - - - - - 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem - - - - - 2
1.3 Purpose of the Study - - - - - - 3
1.4 Research Questions - - - - - - 4
1.5
Significance of the Study - - - - - 4
1.6 Delimitation of the Study - - - - - 5
1.7 Limitation of the Study - - - - - - 5
1.8 Definition of Terms - - - - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 Introduction - - - - - - - 8
2.1 A Brief History of English Language in
Nigeria - - 8
2.2 Status of English Language - - - - - 9
2.3 Importance of English Language in Nigeria - - 11
2.4 The Need for Standard Knowledge of English
Language 12
2.5 The Teaching and Learning of English
Language - - 13
2.5.1 Problems
of Teaching and Learning English as a Second Language 14
2.6 Forms
of Learning - - - - - - 39
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction - - - - - - - 51
3.1 Research Design - - - - - - - 51
3.2 Population of the Study - - - - - - 51
3.3 Sample and Sampling Techniques - - - - 52
3.4 Research Instrument - - - - - - 53
3.6 Method of Data
Collection - - - - - 54
3.7 Method
of Data Analysis - - - - - 54
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.0 Introduction - - - - - - - 55
4.1 Presentation and
Analysis - - - - - 55
4.2 Summary
of Findings - - - - - - 59
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Re: Statement of Problem - - - - - 60
5.2 Procedure used for the
Research - - - - 60
5.3 Discussion of Findings - - - - - - 61
5.4 Conclusion - - - - - - - - 63
5.5 Recommendations - - - - - - 64
5.6 Suggestions for Further
Studies - - - - 67
References - - - - - - - - 68
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The
modern trend in education and the complex nature of learning and instruction
have made the role of the teachers more challenging. This new role does not
just involve the more transmission of information to students but it involves
looking at the problems associated with learning and instruction. The National
Policy on Education (NPE, 2004) in Nigeria Nigeria
These
new approaches to learning and instruction expose the students to conceptualize
and effectively manage their own learning and thus reinforce their learning and
transfer their training in practical situations. Despite the new approach to
learning and instruction, English language at the Senior
Secondary School level in Nigeria
From
the foregoing, therefore, we can conclude that English language is an
indispensable language of communication in Kaduna
1.2 Statement of the Problem
This
research as stated above concerns itself with the study of strategies for
improving low academic performance in English language by suggesting possible
solution to the following questions:
i)
What are the
attitude/feelings of the students towards the studying of English language?
ii)
What account for the
decline in performance in the subject (English language)?
iii)
Do they have enough
material and human resources for the teaching and learning process?
iv)
Do they understand the
subject very well?
v)
Does the Senior
Secondary School Certificate (SSCE) syllabus have either a positive or a
negative effect on the student performance?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The
main purpose of this study is to find out strategies for improving the
performance of secondary school student in English language. Specifically it
ought to:
i)
To find out the types of
facilities available in the secondary schools for teaching English language.
ii)
To identify the methods
of teaching used in teaching English language.
iii)
To identify the extent
to which teachers are motivated to teach English language.
iv)
To identify strategies
for improving the low academic performance of students in English language.
1.4 Research Questions
The
following research questions were formulated to guide the study:
i)
What type of facilities
is available for teaching English language in secondary schools in Kaduna State
ii)
What are the methods of
teaching adopted by English Language teachers?
iii)
To what extent are
English Language teachers motivated?
iv)
What are the strategies
for improving the low academic performance of students in English Language?
1.6
Significance of the Study
This
research work intends to investigate the student achievement in the subject.
The research will be significant in the following ways:
i)
The findings of the
study will shade light on the nature, contents examination and performance
level of the SSCE examination.
ii)
The findings of the
study will contribute meaningfully to knowledge of teaching and learning
English language especially with the role of English in the day-to-day
communication.
iii)
The findings of the
students will also benefit Ministry of Education in Kaduna State
1.6 Delimitation of the Study
The
study covers strategies for improving low academic performance in English
Language in Secondary Schools in Kaduna
State
1.7 Limitation of the Study
In
any type of research work, are many hindrances that the researcher must come
across in the course of the assignment. The problem encounter in the course of
this could be attributed to delays in gathering the relevant data needed for
the research work and uncompromising attitude of the people to give the
required information. Time is another major limitation as far as the research
work in concern. The time needed to implement the work may not be sufficient
for logistic reasons. Financial resources may be lacking in carrying out the
required work of the project.
1.8 Definition of Terms
·
Performance:
This relates to the execution carried out or putting into effect the task, job
or operation.
·
Teacher: A
professional trained to impart knowledge to pupils/students.
·
Assessment:
Evaluation or estimation of the nature, value or quality of something or a
subject.
·
Effectiveness: It is the ability to determine appropriate objectives, that is, the
degree at which School’s goals are met within established resources “doing the
right thing.”
·
Indiscipline:
This can be described as a mode of life not
in conformation with rule and non-subjection to contain. The term connotes the
regulations capable of obstructing the smooth and orderly function of the
school system
·
Reading:
Is
the process of receiving and interpreting information encoded in language form
via the medium of print.
·
Writing:
Writing is the process by which an author uses his mental ability to put words
to paper as well as the result of that process.
·
Speech: Expression of or the ability to express thoughts
and feelings by articulated sounds.
·
Mother
Tongue: This is the original and first
language of an individual which they acquire from their parents.
·
L2: This is language two. This is a second that is
learnt as a second language in addition to their mother tongue.
·
FGN: Acronym for Federal Government of Nigeria.
·
Curriculum: Curriculum is the subjects comprising a step by
step guide of a course of study in a school.
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