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TECHNIQUES FOR
ASSESSING THE DURABILITY OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND OF THE ESSAY
Probably
amongst the most crucial decision facing management today are those concerned
with capital investment. Typical of these decisions are those related to
expansion through adding of new product lines, factory extension for extension in
new sales entries. The significance of a decision of this nature is obvious
since based on the decision made, the firm will find itself, committed to a
pattern of activity and expenditure that will continue for some time into the
future due to huge capital outlay involved.
Uncertainty
with respect to the future is considered in any investments decision but the
further into the future its efforts are projected, the greater the degree of
that uncertainty.
Management
appraisal involves the generations of investment proposals, the estimate of
cash flow for the proposal, the evaluation of cash flow, the selection of
project based upon an acceptance criteria and the continuance re-evaluation of
investment project after their acceptance (Home et al 1983).
How
high a proposal must go before it is finally approve depends upon how large the
capital outlay is the greater the capital outlay, the greater the number of evaluations
that may be the required. The object of any system of project evaluation is to
be able to compare the profitability of a series of funds usage. Each project
will require the use of volume of the firms fund for varying periods and will
also provide for the returns of those funds together with an element of profit.
The appraisal system should be able to take both of these factors and by
comparing them, calculate a comparable rate of return.
This
will enable investment projects to be measured against two criteria.
1. To ensure
that only those projects that give the highest rate of return are selected.
2. To ensure
that investments are not made in projects that will give a rate of return less
than the cost of capital employed in the business.
It
is in this regard that this essay seeks to analyze the role of investment
appraisal of small business in Nigeria .
This essay will also seek to evaluate and carryout an investment appraisal of
small business in Nigeria .
1.1 OBJECTIVE
OF THE ESSAY
- To
determine investment appraisal of small business in Nigeria ?
- To
determine the nature or outlook of investment appraisal of small business in Nigeria takes
in business projects?
- To
determine how investment appraisal of small business in Nigeria is of benefit to both
prospective investors and the country in general? Also does in-accurate methods
of assessment lead to the selection of projects which yield unduly low returns?
1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ESSAY
This essay
work will be beneficial to the government because efficiency in small business
operation will be achieved with high profit thereby entailing more income
available for taxation.
Small
business operation will enjoy the advantages of new accurate determination of
the state of affairs of their organizations. The research work will broaden the
idea and knowledge of the entire developing countries of the usefulness by
examining impartial views about the methods and making generation based upon
through view of all relevant issues thereby clearing point of doubts earlier
conceived.
Besides,
the researcher hopes that the answers obtained will add an insight to the
problems of investment appraising of small scale business in the country and
will also serve as a good stepping stone for subsequent researchers in this
field of study.
1.3 SCOPE
OF THE ESSAY
The
focus of the essay will primarily be on the investment appraisal of small
business in Nigeria
and also in the course of study. There shall be an appraisal of some sources of
investment fund of small business undertakings.
Furthermore,
this piece of work will want to bare the methods of investment appraisal and in
promoting small-scale enterprises in Nigeria .
1.4 LIMITATIONS
OF THE ESSAY
The
subject of investment appraisal of small business has not yet enjoy tremendous
boost in this country. It is on this premises that we lack books for our literature
review and what is more, the few ones we got are written by foreign authors
whose tax system differs from that of our economy. Also the lack of time is one
of the limitation factors.
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