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THE IMPACT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING SERVICES IN SOME SELECTED
SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DOKA AREA
ABSTRACT
The
research topic on: “the impact
of guidance and counselling services in some selected secondary schools in doka
area. The aim of guidance and
counseling service in secondary schools is to assist students to understand
themselves, their problems and to be ale to solve these problems without
difficulties. Questionnaires were distributed and collected from respondents, the
data and information collected were analyzed. Findings from the research showed
that: The impact of guidance and
counseling services in some selected secondary schools in Doka area.
1. The problems affecting guidance and counseling
service in the schools.
2. The attitudes of students towards guidance
counsellors.
3. The attitudes of parents towards their children’s
career choices
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title of Research
Approval Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Significance of the Study
1.4 Delimitation
1.5 Definition of Terms
1.6 Hypothesis
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Definition of Science
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology 21
3.1 The Design
3.2 The Sample
3.3 The Instrument
3.4 Data Collection
3.5 Analysis of Data
3.6 Validity of Instrument
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Data Analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
4.
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Formal
guidance began in Nigeria kaduna
The primary
objective of guidance and counseling in the secondary school is to assist
students in choosing career; selection of subjective, proper placement and good
study habit. The researcher has noticed that student’s behaviors such as poop
combination of subjects, lack of seriousness in studies and drug abuse may lead
to inappropriate choice of career. Due to these problems, there should be a
proper orientation on guidance and counseling to the junior secondary school
(JSSIII) and senior secondary (SSI) students.
The aim of
this study is to find out if guidance and counseling service are yielding any
impact on the students behavior.
Over the
years, many researchers and authors including professional bodies, world
organizations and government agencies have spoken on the need for guidance and
counseling service in schools.
Oladele
(1987), Kalu (1992), Umom (1998), Abdulkareem (2001), Dikko (2001), Ekoji and
Ekoja (2001) pinpointed the place and importance of guidance programmes in the Nigeria
The
Executive Secretary of National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) Dr. Nuhu
A. Yakabu sometime ago stated that: “there should be a provision of guidance
and counseling in secondary school level.
Yakubu
(2002) opined that, “every post primary school should have a guidance and
counseling department which should organize career talks from time to time at
which distinguished professional would be invited as resource persons”.
The united
nations organization (UNO) had accepted the observation of the united nations
educational, scientific and cultural organization’s (UNESCO) report on the need
for organized guidance services at secondary school level which states that:
“African governments should perhaps consider providing more defined guidance
for secondary school pupils in the light of their economic, social and cultural
needs. Stronger guidance than in Europe will more reasonable in Africa because many families are scarcely capable of
reaching well informed decisions and about the future of their children”.
UNESCO 1962.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
The aim of
guidance and counseling service in secondary schools is to assist students to
understand themselves, their problems and to be ale to solve these problems
without difficulties.
An
observation has been made by the researcher that in spite of the guidance and
counseling in secondary schools in Doka area some students still drop out of
school and some have non-chalant attitude toward their studies; others engage
in drug abuse and juvenile delinquencies. This has been a major concern to the
researcher and hence the decision to write this project so as to fine out if
really guidance and counseling service have the mush desired and expected
impacts on the students.
1.3 PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of the study is to identify:
5.
The impact of guidance and counseling services in some
selected secondary schools in Doka area.
6.
The problems affecting guidance and counseling service
in the schools.
7.
The attitudes of students towards guidance
counsellors.
8.
The attitudes of parents towards their children’s
career choices
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTION
The
following research question will guide this study:
1.
Does socio – economic background of parents at times
make some parents impose pressure on their wards early in life in terms of
career choice?
2.
Do peer group have any influence on students towards
non-chalant attitude to studies?
3.
what is the relationship between the students and the
guidance and counseling teacher?
4.
what is the degree of students exposure to guidance
and counseling service in some selected schools in Doka area?
1.5 THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
Just like
in the case of a bread baker who must follow some steps in baking bread, so is
the case of a counselor who must follow a process in order ro solve the problem
of a client.
By going
thought the works of authors such as Nwoje (1987), Peterson and Nisenholz (1991)
and Okobiah (1992), there seem to be similarities and differences in their opinions. The
counseling process according to Okobiah has four stages which are as follow:
1.
Interviewing
Stage: This stage is also known as the familiarization, orientation
or introductory stage. The counselor and the client meet for the first time.
The counselor inquires about the client’s name, class, parents, friends,
progress in school and his mission to the counselor’s office.
2. Working Stage: This is the stages the counselor
fully engages the client in discussion about what to do and how it will be done
concerning the problem of the client. Here the counselor uses different
techniques to diagnose the problem.
3. Terminator Stage: This means bringing an end to the counseling relationship
between the counselor and the client. The termination could be due to the
following reasons: counseling goals have been achieved uncooperative attitude
from the client, the client may decide not to continue, referral to an expert
or death of counselor or client.
4. The fourth
stage is the follow up stage.
This is the stage the counselor will want to know what is happening to the
client after termination.
These
stages in the theoretical framework are relevant to the work at hand because it
will help the researcher to know how the counselor will draw out the problem
from the client and the kind of solution he will proffer.
1.6 SIGNIFICANT
OF THE STUDY
This study
is most significant to students, teachers, parents and the society at large as
its importance can not be overemphasized. Students will benefit from this study
if guidance and counseling teacher actually play their role by helping in
understanding their personal social and academic problems and how to go about
solving them.
The aim of
formal education is to shape the behaviour of an individual.
That is
bringing about some desirable changes in the students behaviours.
Teachers will
benefit from the study if government will play its role in funding guidance and
counseling programme and administrators properly manage the money. This
incentive would boost the teacher’s moral and they will produce quality student
through effective teaching and counseling.
Parents and
the society at large will benefit because they will produce competent and
responsible individuals.
This study
will help in making students to have good subject combination and help to
fulfill their career. The rate of drug abuse and addition among students will
be reduced because the negative impact of it will be pointed out to them; at
the end of which families and the society at large will have fulfilled
citizens.
1.7 DELIMITATION
OF THE STUDY
This study
intends to investigate critically the impact of guidance and counseling service
in some selected secondary school in Doka area. These schools are: Rimi College ,
Sardauna Memorial
College , Maimuna
Gwarzo Secondary
School and Government
Girls Secondary
School
The
researcher has limited herself to these schools because they are nearer to her
and she can not go around all the secondary schools in Doka area. In addition
she is familiar with most of the students from these schools.
1.8 OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Ability - power
to do special things. A student is said to have particular ability when he/she
has the power to carry out a related physical or mental action without prior
training or education.
2. Counseling - is
an enlightened process whereby people help other by encouraging their growth.
That is help to properly understand themselves, their environment and the problems that are causing a high rate of
concern.
3. Counselor - is
an expert in his area of specialization and also has cultivated skills in
helping people understand their situation clarity their values and make
informed decision for which they assume
responsibilities.
4. Education - is
the process of acquiring knowledge and skill so as to prepare an individual to
live happily with himself and others in the society in which he lives.
5. Guidance - this
is the process of helping a client to understand himself and his environment:
understanding himself in terms of his interest, needs, fears, anxieties and general
personality. He also understands is environment in terms of rules and
regulations that must be obeyed to avoid any punishment.
6. Aptitude - natural
tendency or talent or acquired skill which is assumed to underline and is
conducive to an individual capacity to learn and attain a level of achievement
in specific field.
7. Achievement - performance
in school or college in a standardize series of educational tests.
8. Capability - ability
to learn and to something
9. Career - way
of making a living i.e one’s occupation or profession
10. Choice - a
particular thing among several things to be chosen
11. Client - a
student or an individual that get help from a guidance and counseling teacher.
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