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ORGANOGRAM AS AN IMPORTANT COMMUNICATION
TOOL IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
ABSTRACT
This extended essay
present the issue of organogram as an important communication tool in business
organization. This project is divided
into three chapters, chapter one is made up of the background of the study,
statement of the problem and the object of the study. Chapter two contain the review of the
existing literature related to this project, development of management
structure, role of the chief executive and the principle of good organization.
Chapter three deal with summary, conclusions and recommendations.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Almost
from the day we are born we all belong to some organization, each of us belong
to a family, an institution that is not highly structured. Later we proceed through school and
eventually go to work for some organization to earn a living. Yet how often do we think about what an
organization is? We speak of public organization, business organization,
religious organization and many others.
What do they all have in common that make us call them organization?
The first
thing that comes to ones mind is people organization. It must compose of people. Next we may think of objectives. There must be some reasons, some goals for
those people to come together to achieve.
Third we consider structure. If a
number of people have come together to accomplish some objectives then there
must be a structure, a plan that will aids in getting the task performed. In other words, organization structure
involves regularities in activities such as allocation, supervision and
coordination. Finally, a relationship
should exist among these people as they work to accomplish the objective of the
organization. Organization are primary
complex goal seeking units, which survive must accomplish secondary task,
example they must maintain their internet system to coordinate the human side
of enterprise and must adapt to the shape of the external environment.
To
discuss the impact of organization structure on effective management in a
business organization, it is important to define both organization and
management and further consider its impact different authors give various
definition of management as a discipline and look at it as focal point to the
determination of an organization, manpower development progress and the
effectiveness of the success of such organization.
According
to James (2005) management is the process of allocation of an organization
inputs, men, money, and material by planning, organizing, directing,
coordinating, controlling and staffing for the purpose of producing output
designed so that the aim and objectives of the organization should be
accomplished.
A
clear picture of the organizational structure is essential, it make one see how
management resources are distributed and how to get management development need
into proper perspective in a small company.
The members of the board will know all the manager and potential
managers, concerned personally in a large firm, this will not be the case, some
people will be known but it is certain that good many others will not be
known. This state of imperfect knowledge
can lead to some old result in one large company a younger manager completed a
different assignment and the board noted his achievement.
The
way a company is structured and organized will affect the way managers within
it do their jobs. The organization
structure, determines how work to be done is shared out and this in turn affect
both personal and communication relationships between people in the
company. It had been argued that if
people have the right attitudes and the will to work together the structure of
the organization is of higher consequences this are only true in the sense that
with good will, people will make a bad organization work be deliberately
ignoring the formal structure by going to a great deal of trouble to keep
colleagues informed either officially or unofficially and by holding many more
meetings that would otherwise be necessary in some compromises, specially
administrative staff are employed to control relationships by example, deciding
who should be on a particular distribution lists or attend a certain meeting,
and ever to assist executive to allocate work because the existing structure is
too vague to be certain that the work would be done. A good way of assessing whether an
organization is properly structured and control is to find out how much time
managers spend in the organization, how much time is spent on purely
maintenance activities of the organization.
A very careful review of organization is likely to produce
improvement. A closer look will be taken
on the assessment of the capabilities of people filling the post within the
organization and what future management manpower resources will be needed.
1.1
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEMS
The
difficulties most business organization are facing today are in the area of
good management, by not using effective organizational structure. Organizational structure deals with the
relationships between all the jobs in the organization. Organization are bound to face problems that
will eventually lead to bad management.
There are reasons for this interest in organization structures and the
underlying principles these interest organization structures are newly set up
and are unlikely to satisfy the need of the organization. The best structure will not guarantee result
and performance. In every organization
we try to make the best use of our available resources with the intention of
getting greatest output from a given input but we normally fail. Because we cannot evaluate the solvency of
the already structure in the organization as to its validity and this is the
reason why people argue among themselves about how productive a firm is or an
organization produce it service to the people many organization have failed. To understand the importance of
organizational structure in any business or organization they are
operating. So they hardly know whether
the organization are really using the best organizational structure for the
effectiveness of the management in the operation of service to the community.
Many people failed to realize the importance of organizational structure.
Most
organization have to face a number of crucial issues about the kind of
structure that will sustain the success of the enterprise, the most frequent
issues are:
v To
what extend should we encourage the use of specialization of ideals?
v What
degrees of standardization should be imposed on behavior of what degree of
discretion should be allowed to individual job holders?
v How
much formality should be encouraged?
v How
much level of authority should be established?
v To
what extent should decision making be centralized or decentralized.
There
is no perfect answer to any of these questions but there are number of possible
options, which if taken together can produce an optimum design for an
organization. One must distinguish these
aspects of staff function who merely provide services and those that provide
standardize performance for all other section of the organization and there is
a possibility of the growth of sectional interest which may conflict with the
need of the organization and there may not be effective control of the workers.
1.2
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The
study is designed to develop and integrate the knowledge gained in management
and to us, this knowledge is to develop an analytical approach on organization
structure to facilitate the decision making of the organization.
v To
determine the impact of communication in an organization.
v To
establish the channel of communication in an organization.
v To
ascertain the communication barrier in an organization.
v To
proffer best communication channel for an organization.
1.3
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This
study will be important to both student and members of staff, that is the
workers in an organization. For example
on the part of students, it will help them in research related to their field
or their study whenever the need arises while the members of the staff in an
organization will acquaint themselves with the function and hierarchy of the
organization and to know to whom they should go to whenever they have problem.
The
organization would be able to improve its channel of authority. Responsibility and contact within the
organization, so as to achieve the desired goals and objectives of the
organization. It is imperative,
therefore to achieve the ultimate, therefore to achieve the ultimate purpose of
any organization, its members must be well organized and it is equally
important that within the organization.
Flexibility is necessary because behavior change.
1.4
SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This
write up intend to discus the impact of communication in an organization. The write will mainly concentrate on how lack
of communication could hinder the performance of employee in an organization,
how this could be avoided, tips on ways to entrance communication in an
organization.
During
the writing of the essay, many constraint were encountered, shortage of related
literature was the most critical of all.
Time
was also another factor, as the limited time available has to be allocated to
lecture, assignment and tests.
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