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IMPACT OF TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT ON CORPORATE PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIAN BOTTLING COMPANY, KADUNA
ABSTRACT
This research work topic is Impact of Total Quality
Management on corporate productivity in Nigerian Bottling Company, Kaduna. This
begin with a brief background of the study that introduce the subject matter,
also statement of the problem is also highlighted which is the reason why the
researcher undertook the study to exploit such problems and come up with
solutions, the objective of the study is discuss to see how total quality is
important in the organization, in chapter two which is aimed in discussing the
main body of the study which is review of literature. It consists of quality,
quality determinants, the benefit of total quality management to the
organization, and the challenges of total quality management, the researcher
also employs the use of research methodology to collect data fro m sample size
of 80, in Nigerian Bottling Company, the research work adopt is survey method
of research using questionnaire designed with likert rating scale to gather and
analyzed the data. The data were presented, analyzed and tested in chapter four
of the project in conclusion and recommended some ways to improve on quality in
the organization.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page                                                                                                 
i
Declaration                                                                                             
ii
Approval Page                                                                                         iii
Dedication                                                                                                         
iv
Acknowledgment                                                      
                              v
Abstract                                                                                                   
vi
Table of Contents                                                                                   
vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background of
the Study                                                             
1
1.2       Statement of
the Problem                                                           
3
1.3       Objectives of
the Study                                                                 5
1.4       Significance
of the Study                                                             
5
1.5       Research
Questions                                                                     
6
1.6       Scope of the
Study                                                                        
7
1.7       Limitation of
the Study                                                               
7
1.8       Definition of
Terms                                                                       8
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1   
Introduction                                                                                   
10
2.2    Quality                                                          
                                 10    
2.3    Quality
Determinants                                                                           
12
2.4    Total Quality
Management                                                                  
14
2.5    Principles of
Total Quality Management                                  18
2.6    Circumstances of
Total Quality Management                          20
2.7    Benefit of Total
Quality Management                                       21
2.8    Application of Total
Quality Management                                22
2.9    Challenges of
Implementing Total Quality Management     
25
2.10  Quality
Management System Audit/Review                                      27
2.11  Tools and
Techniques for Quality Improvement                     28
2.12  Chapter
Summary                                                                        
31
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.1   
Introduction                                                                                   32
3.2    Research
Design                                                                           
33
3.3    Area of
Study                                                                                
33
3.4    Population of
the Study                                                               
33
3.5    Sample Size and
Sampling Technique                                               
34
3.6    Instrument of
Data Collection                                                    34
3.7    Validation of
the Instrument                                                     
35
3.8    Reliability of
Instrument                                                            
35
3.9    Method of Data
Collection                                                           35
3.10  Method of Data
Analysis                                                             
36
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1   
Introduction                                                                                   37
4.2    Characteristics
of Respondents                                                  
38
4.3    Data
Presentation and Analysis                                                
39
4.4    Summary of
Findings                                                                             48
4.5    Discussion of
Findings                                                                
51
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1    Summary                                                                                        53
5.2    Conclusion                                                                                              
54
5.3   
Recommendations                                                
                        55
Bibliography      58
Appendix I                                                                          
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background of
the Study
Total quality management can be defined as a strategy for
improving business performance through the commitment of all employees to fully
satisfying agreed customer requirements at the lowest cost through the
continuous improvement of products and services, business processes and the
people involved.
Deleforge (2000) also pointed out that total quality
management is concerned with the management of all aspects of quality services
provided to the customer. This includes quality of goods delivery price of services,
quality of promotion and merchandising. The importance quality to an
organization cannot be overemphasized because of it attribute to the fact that
quality determines to a large extent, productivity, customer satisfaction,
profit and other key performance element to an organization.
Total Quality Management (TQM) is one of the approaches used
to enforce quality in the system and process of and organization as a concept,
it sees the participation of all and sundry. Organization in the pursuit of
quality so as to ensure customer satisfaction and organizational and societal
benefit. The rationale behind the total quality management (TQM) concept is
that, since a major objective of most corporate organizations (especially the
profit concerns) is to gain and maintain competitive advantage every key
elements that has a direct bearing on the achievements of that goal is to be
accorded priority attention, among these elements is a quality as it is central
to the organization’s competitiveness.
The concept of TQM view that, to achieve and sustain
competitive advantage. A firm has to be at the best (optimum productivity) and
on the other hand, the expectation of customers has to be met or satisfied. For
the reasons quality which is true fundamental element in the productivity index
assessment has therefore become and remain a business of all within the firm as
it has direct linkages to both productivity and customers satisfaction problem
surrounding the status of a company’s competitiveness cannot be in connected with
it product performance that how well a product deliver to expectation, largely
determines how competitive the company become.
1.2    Statement of the
Problems
The continued effort of firm to grow and improve their
performance, both internally and in the market place is constantly being
challenged by a number of fundamental issues, for firm to perform credibly
important key elements of its internally processes has to be looked into in
relation to its market role and relevance, crucial among these basic is the
subject of quality.
Quality represent a key component of the productivity index
and even so the external performance or position of the firm in the market
place.
The problems or challenges associated to quality for a firms
to continues to be complex one. The question of these hastens firm fared in
regard to quality is almost answer immediately by assessment of the revealing
each firms position in the market place that begin to come to tire is how these
firm see quality, has quality been properly defined as expressed in their
processes and output? In what aspects are the firms internal processes adding
the achievement of quality and which are the area in which they are lacking?
What is the extent of their measuring to customers, requirements and expectation?
The concept of total quality management (TQM) is an approach intended to
inculcate a total quality orientation at all levels of the firm where quality
is intended to achieved first and always how has this concept fared in the
firms, in terms of applicability? Are the strategies, technology and culture
and also training and development of organizational members of the organization
duly impacted by the concept? What is the productivity assessment of the firm
saying in regard to output on quality and firms competitiveness? A proper look
and review of the perception, processes and applications of quality and the TQM
concept would help to revise specific problems area as related to the subject
in the firms and further suggest relevant approaches to solve them.
1.3       Objectives of
the study
The objectives are as follows:
i)            To
identify the need for total quality management in an organization.
ii)          To
identify the extent to which total quality management is being applied in the
organization
iii)        To identify
how total quality management control reduce cost of product and services
iv)         To identify
best strategies of the TQM concept that ensures quality, productivity and
competitive advantage for firm.
1.4       Significance
of the study
This research will be of much significance to address the
following problem.
Setting up a standard of quality measurement system in the
organization which has really affect the operation of the organization, and
also lack of effective leadership of the organizational members, which can be
attributed to total quality management in the organization.
This research work will also go a long way to help the
organization the research work is carried out for them to compete globally in
the market; it will also be of immense contribution to future researcher the
similar study.
1.5       Research
Questions
i)            What are
the needs for total quality management in the organization?
ii)          What are
the extents to which total quality can be applied in the organization?
iii)        How can
total quality management control reduce cost of production and service?
iv)         What are
the best strategies that total quality management concept that ensures quality
productivity and competitive advantage?
1.6       Scope of the
study
The scope of the study is concerned about the impact of total
quality management on corporate productivity in Nigerian Bottling Company
Kaduna, which is limited to what is happening in the Nigerian Bottling Company
plc, Kakuri, Kaduna from 2004 to 2010.
1.7       Limitation of
the study
In carrying out this research, the researcher are facing some
problem and they are as follow:
One of the limitation face by the researcher is the time
constraint, being the most serious and precious assets, coupled with the fact
that it waits for no one, the researcher had no time owning to the fact that
there are other numerous task and obligations to meet.
Another problem face by the researcher is finance the work
was limited due to lack of enough money that will have enable me to do a more
thorough job there, was limited to the level that the resources at my disposal
permits.
Another problem face by the researcher is getting attention
of the people the researcher intended to sample. When trying to ask question in
the organization you are carrying out your research some people will not give
you attention when you are trying to ask them question they don’t answer you.
1.8       Definition of
terms
Management: this is the art of coordinating the element of
factors of production toward the achievement of the purpose of and objective
through the use of human labour, materials and machines.
Total quality: this is performance superiority in delaying
customers.
Quality management: this is a management approach which
advocates the integration of quality into organization’s strategy business
plan.
Quality: this is an act of confirming to the client
requirements. Quality is the ability to meet the requirement of customers, now
and in the future at a lower over all cost.
Total: this means the summation or association of everybody
with the company and its operations activities produces or services.
Quality control and assurance: this has the primary concern
that all product and services are offered and given appropriate quality
standards.
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