AN EVALUATION OF THE LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EMPLOYEES ATTITUDE (A CASE STUDY OF NIKE RESORT HOTEL, ENUGU)
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AN EVALUATION OF THE
LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EMPLOYEES ATTITUDE (A CASE STUDY OF NIKE
RESORT HOTEL, ENUGU)
ABSTRACT
The theme of
the study is an evaluation of leadership style and its effects on employee’s
attitude (a case study of Nike Lake Resort Hotel, Enugu).
Inadequate
information and misconceptions about leadership styles that is appropriate in
organizational structure perse have led to several ugly consequences strike
actions, creation of informal group etc.
In order to
achieve the above aims, research questions were used. The findings of the researcher were presented
in tabular form and analyzed using simple percentages. The findings of the study revealed the
following:
- That employees
attitude to greatly affected by leadership style adopted by their leaders.
- That employees
react to leadership style by creating informal group
- That in all
respect employees is contingent on leadership which integrate, organization and
employees objectives.
- The resultant
effect of unpopular leadership in an organization results in workers strike and
uncooperative attitude of the employees.
Based on the
above findings the following were recommended:
- There should be
awareness of the fact that employees at all levels evaluate their job and their
leadership behaviour. Leaders should
always try to influence and motivate employees for the survival of the
organization.
- When
formulating organizational polic, it is necessary that employees needs and
aspirations are integrated.
- Management
should encourage employees participation at lest in the work group, to partake
in decision – making on areas that affect them most.
- The consent of
those over whom the acquired power is exercised is necessary because of
background, education and orientation that determine best leadership.
- The management
should also endevour to establish and maintain a nice conflict resolving
devices.
It is therefore
believed that if the aforementioned recommendations suggested be seriously
taken into consideration, it will go a long way in proffering solutions to some
of the problems faced by organizational goal.
TABLES OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Acknowledgement
Dedication
Abstract
List of table
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Statement of problem
Purpose of the study
Research questions
Significance of study
Scope of study
Limitations of the study
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The concept of leadership
Nature of leadership
Leadership as the process of management
The concept of power as it relates to leadership
Leadership styles
Apaches to leadership theory
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
Source of data collection
Procedure in gathering data
Population of the study
Data treatment technique
Research method used
Administration and retrieval of questionnaire
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONOF DATA
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of findings
Conclusion
Area of further study
Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendices
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Leadership is
an area of managerial responsibility that is needed to develop plans, set
objectives that help the organization cope with the future and to meet the
demands of the environment. The
technical, economic, social and political characteristics of organization
brings about continuing need for the innovation, creativity and imagination of
a leader. Leadership ability therefore
is a valuable skill and those who possess or have it reap high rewards. The
universal dearth of effective leaders causes organization to scout constantly
for them and fosters development and better utilization of existing leadership.
Leadership is
the ability of an individual to influence others to work beyond ordinary level
to achieve a goal or an objective.
Leadership is generally defined as influence, the art or process of
influencing people so that they will strive willingly towards the achievement of group goals. To lead is to guide conduct and direct. Leaders act t o help a group achieve
objectives with maximum application of its capabilities. They do not stand behind a group to prod;
they place themselves before the group as to facilitate progress and inspire
the group to accomplish organizational goals.
A pertinent example is that of the orchestra leader, whose
function is to produce coordinated sound and correct tempo through integrated
effort of the instrumentalist.
Leadership has
an effect on the performance of any organization. It affects both the employees attitude and
productivity of the organization.
Employees at all levels tend to evaluate the jobs and their
organizations according to the kind of leadership behaviour their bosses
exhibit, for a leader to lead effectively and efficiently he needs to
understand his followers and the situation in t he organization. The situational variably which influences the
effectiveness of a followers and the task organizational climate power
available to the leader and leader – follower relationship.
Basically,
people tend to follow those they see as a means of satisfying their needs. The task of a leader is to encourage people
to contribute effectively and willingly towards the accomplishment of
enterprise goal, and to satisfy their own needs in the process.
The leader must always be aware of the human problems a as
sensitivity towards the hopes and aspirations of those whom he supervised and a
capacity for analysis of emotional forces that motivate their conduct, if this
is not achieved the projects entrusted to him will not work out, no matter how
often wages are raised.
The survival of
every organization depends on the performance of its leader. He moves the group within the constrains of
its maximum compatibilities to attain certain specified objectives. He handles people, motivate them to work with
them to do. In order not to loose him identity he takes his place before the
group as he inspires the group to accomplish organizational objective.
In fact he is an architect of the performance, and hence
tries to increase the moral of his employees always. Research findings however suggests that
leadership effectiveness is not depended on the source of power alone but with situational
factors, climate or any particular style.
From the
foregoing, the question is that, how effective is the leadership style in
bringing about a good reaction o employees towards organization, work and their
environment.
It is the aim of the research to give due to the question.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
One of the most
researchers and lest understood variables of the management process is
leadership.
For centuries scholars have been speculating on the nature of
leadership to adopt. Only in the recent
years have researchers conducted systematic investigations that have yielded
useful insights into dimensions of leading.
Even with this, there is still an increasing difficulties to establish
the fact that leaders achieve the desired result as and when is need.
The prosperity,
if not the survival of any organization depends on the performance of its
leader and their styles. The quality of
leadership style shapes the behaviour of their employees at all levels tend to
evaluate their job and their organization according to the kind of leadership
behaviour their bosses exhibit.
Theoretically, in appropriate usage of some style result to workers
negative attitude to work, absenteeism, conflict, unrest and confrontation. All
these are reampant in most of the organization today.
This research
work aims at evaluating the type of leadership in existence and why they vary
in their method of operation. The work
also intends to find out whether leaders recognize their position in the organizational set of and if they do,
to what extent do they exercise their leadership power and style to exhibit
positive attitude from the employees for an increased productivity. Some leadership styles in themselves are
retrogressive and generate ill-feelings among employees. Most leaders always think that all employees
should be treated the same but each individual background, orientation
education largely determine the best of leadership with which they could be
led.
On the whole
the research will critically assess the reaction of employees to the styles
used by their leaders.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
Leadership roll
is said to be very useful tool in the life of an organization which has
influence on both employees attitude and organization’s productivity. In spite of this fact leaders themselves seem
to over-look its importance. The purpose
of this research therefore is to evaluate and have in depth knowledge of the
leadership styles practiced in the organization selected and their effects on
employees attitude.
This evaluation will be done by the following ways to:
i. Determine
whether the type of styles used by the leaders in
the organization affect employees.
ii. Determine
the problems facing the terms of these leadership
styles.
iii. Recommend
possible solution to the problems identified.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This is an
attempt by the researcher to reflect the general purpose of the research
work. Most often, it grows out of the
management question of which its successful answering provides the researcher
the desired research information and to this end, the following research
questions were asked:
a. Do you recognize
leadership as a factor that affect the employees attitude to work?
b. Are the
employees attitude dependent on the leadership style?
c. Does the
employees in this organization react to leadership style by creating informal
group?
d. What leadership
problems often result from the improper implementation of the conditions of
services?
e. does the employees base their loyalty to the
organization on the basis of leadership style the management is using?
SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY
The existence
of a good leadership style in any organization is crucial and will ultimately
affect every body either directly or indirectly. This study will be of greater significance to
the management team of various organizations and that of Nike Lake Resort
Hotel, Limited in particular.
This research
work will also be helpful to future researchers as reference purpose or
academics literature and in particular to students of management as well.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research
is meant to cover many organization in Enugu metropolis, but because it is not
easy for the researcher to visit all the organizations due to certain
constraints such as lack of time and money.
The study has been limited to one selected organization which is the
case study – Nike Lake Resort Hotel.
It is critical
analysis and evaluation of leadership style and effects on employees attitude
in the company with regards to effective and efficient management and
productivity.
In this case,
therefore many things t o investigate on by the researcher namely, the concept
of leadership, nature of leadership, leadership as a process of management, the
concept of power as it relates to leadership, leadership style and finally
approaches to leadership theories.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
In order to
facilitate effective understanding of the content of this study, the following
important terms have been defined.
LEADERSHIP
The art or
process of influencing people so that they will strive willing toward
achievement of group goals.
EVALUATION
This is a
method of appraising the value of a particular thing in the course of
study. It is a situation where the
authenticity of study is examined and logical conclusion drawn.
OBJECTIVE
This refers to
the end – target set to be achieved by the organization in the course of
operation
STYLE
These are various approaches leaders adopt in
dealing with subordinates for accomplishing the set objectives of the
organization.
ORGANISATION
This means a
purposeful social unit. It is defined
establishment or corporate entity public, private or services or produce goods
and set-up to render services or produce goods and to carry out more precisely
policies and programmes inspired.
INFLUENCE
This is the
power to effect subordinates characters, beliefs or action through example,
fear or admiration with or without forces.
POWER
This refers to
one who applies sanctions that requires or prohibits the commission of an act.
EMPLOYEEES
Employees is a
general term referring to one who work for wage and salary and perform services
for an employer.
ATTITUDE
Attitude is
referred to as manner of placing or holding the body and way of feeling,
thinking or behaving.
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