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DEVELOPING AN
INTRAPRENEURIAL ORGANISATION; A DRIVE FOR NATION BUILDING
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE
STUDY
Pinchot (1984) defined intrapreneurs as "dreamers who
do. Those who take hands-on responsibility for creating innovation of any kind,
within a business". In 1992, The American Heritage Dictionary acknowledged
the popular use of a new word, intrapreneur, to mean "A person within a
large corporation who takes direct responsibility for turning an idea into a
profitable finished product through assertive risk-taking and innovation".
The researcher is of the opinion that such risk taking and innovation coupled
with the profitability accrued from it will make an intrapreneural organization
a veritable for nation building.
Koch (2014) goes further, claiming that intrapreneurs are the
"secret weapon" of the business world. Based on these definitions,
being an intrapreneur is considered to be beneficial for both intrapreneurs and
large organizations. Companies support intrapreneurs with finance and access to
corporate resources, while intrapreneurs create innovation for companies. Such
organizations can be described as intrapreneurial organizations.
Intrapreneurial organizations are known to be operated with
practice of a corporate management style that integrates risk-taking and
innovation approaches, as well as the reward and motivational techniques, that
are more traditionally thought of as being the province of entrepreneurship.
The first written use of the terms ‘intrapreneur’,
‘intrapreneurial,’ and ‘intrapreneurship’ date from a paper written in 1978 by
Gifford Pinchot III and Elizabeth Pinchot. Later the term was credited to
Gifford Pinchot III by Norman Macrae in the April 17, 1982 issue of the
Economist. The first formal academic case study of corporate entrepreneurship
or intrapreneurship was published in June 1982, as a Master's in Management
thesis, by Howard Edward Haller, on the intrapreneurial creation of PR1ME
Leasing within PR1ME Computer Inc. (from 1977 to 1981). This academic research
was later published as a case study by VDM Verlag as Intrapreneurial Success: A
PR1ME Example. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
included the term 'intrapreneur' in its 3rd 1992 Edition, and also credited
Pinchot as the originator of the concept.
Intrapreneurial organization will bring about an era in which
jobs were so many that employers go to schools to recruit young graduate with a
view of making good use of their skills, potential and innovative capability to
bring about productivity. This will go a long way in reducing unemployment and
contribute to the growth of the organization. The Pinchotts (1985) refer to
intrapreneur as someone who possesses entrepreneurial skills and uses them
within a company, instead of using them to launch a business of his or her own.
This will reduce the rate at which small and medium scale companies crumble.
The individual can make use of its skill and innovation under an already established
organization with a strong capital base and higher level of technology. This
can be a tool for nation building as these intrapreneurial organizations will
give job opportunities to unemployed youths with skills and innovative
capability who doesn’t have the capital and the corporate experience to start a
business of their own.
.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
The biggest concern for in an intrapreneurial organizations
is dealing with the "Corporate Immune System". This expression means
that corporate organizational structures such as bureaucracy, hierarchy, rules
etc. do not support intrapreneurial culture and behaviour. Many companies
struggle with applying the concept of intrapreneurship into their daily
routines due to high levels of defined tasks and schedules that deter
opportunities for serendipity and for new ideas to be recognized. Kawasaki
(2006) also highlights the lack of rewards for entrepreneurial behaviour of
employee in intrapreneurial organizations as a demotivating factor to search
for new ideas.
Failure, or fear of failure, is another reason for
organizations in developing countries like Nigeria not becoming more
intrapreneurial. Wladawsky-Berger (2010) found that firms act to protect
resources by avoiding risk and penalizing failure. Due to the setback of
entrepreneurial organizations in Nigeria, the researcher is examining an
intrapreneurial organization development as a tool to drive nation building.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE
STUDY
The following are the objectives of this study:
To examine the process of developing an intrapreneurial
organization.
To determine if intrapreneurial organization development can
be used as a tool to drive nation building.
To identify the factors limiting the development of an
intrapreneurial organization.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
What is the process of developing an intrapreneurial
organization?
Can intrapreneurial organization development be used as a
tool to drive nation building?
What are the factors limiting the development of an
intrapreneurial organization?
1.5 HYPOTHESIS
HO: Intrapreneurial organization development cannot be used
as a tool to drive nation building.
HA: Intrapreneurial organization development can be used as a
tool to drive nation building.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY
The following are the significance of this study:
The outcome of this study will educate the general public
especially young graduate on the need to key into the scheme of
intrapreneurship and get employed into intrapreneurial organization to put into
use their skills and innovations with a view to gain corporate experience in
order to become a future entrepreneurs.
The findings from this study will form a useful guide for
government to formulate and implement policies that will encourage
intrapreneurial organization to reduce unemployment and produce better skilled
youth that will contribute to the growth of the nation.
This research will be a contribution to the body of
literature in the area of the effect of personality trait on student’s academic
performance, thereby constituting the empirical literature for future research
in the subject area.
1.7 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS
OF THE STUDY
This study will cover the concept of intrapreneuship within
the context of an intrapreneurial organization to identify the merits and the
demerits.
LIMITATION OF STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the
efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature
or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire
and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in
this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the
time devoted for the research work.
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