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ROLE OF ACTIVE UNIONISM
ON MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Manpower development has been one of the fundamental issues
that have consistently attracted the interest and concern of succeeding
government in Nigeria since independence. The Federal Government of Nigeria
(1981) realised that if independence was to have meaningful impact on the
general well being of its citizen, it must be complemented promptly and
definitely by a rapid transformation of the economy to achieve self-reliance.
The initial effort of achieving rapid national development were concentrated on
the expansion of formal education institution at all levels, and the product
were expected to have acquired the skills, knowledge attitude to meet the needs
of the vital sector of the economy.
It has been established that the greatest assets of a nation
are its human resources (men and women, old and young) who are capable of
participating in productive labour, capable, natural resources, international
trade etc. It become increasingly clear, in government, industry and commerce
that economic growth and economic advancement of the country required the
services of trained workers and professionals who possesses technological
skills and or executive capacity to provide specialized services of all sorts.
Most nations today are development conscious. The less
developed countries are in a state of war against poverty, ill health,
ignorance and dominance by stronger nations. They are no longer willing to
entrust their future exclusively to the forces of colonial masters. Even the
advance nations are committed to growth, and the more rapid the better. These
advance nations are reaching the greater achievement like exploring the outer
space and other plants. This universal quest for growth is motivated by rising
aspirations for economic, social and political progress and it is based upon
the optimistic conviction than man, in this age science can move forward by
leaps instead of steps.
In essence, the difference in levels of economic development
of countries is largely a reflection of the difference in the quality of human
resource. The key element in this proposition is that the values, attitudes,
general orientation and quality of the people of a country determine its
economic development. The shift from manufacturing to service and the
increasing pace of technological change are making human resources the crucial
ingredient top the nations well being and growth. And in service-oriented
industries like banks and railways, the quality, quantity and utilization of
human resource become more important.
A nation with abundance of physical resources will not
benefit unless human resources make use of them. Hence, human resources are
solely responsible of making use of natural resources and for the
Transformation of traditional economies into the modern and industrial
economies. Lack of organization of human resources is largely responsible in
the backwardness of a nation. Countries are underdeveloped because their people
are underdeveloped.
Doubtlessly, the most significant resource of any
organization is often said to be the people. Such claims appear in
organizational annual report mission statement.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
The cruel nature of Nigerian entrepreneurs have over the
years reflected on their emphasis on high profitability without due
consideration of the training of the employee that will make this possible.
Ogunyomi et al (2011) noted that in recent times, there has been a contraction
of personnel activities, with staff welfare issue being relegated to the
background and business-centred approach to employee relations being given
prime of place. This is readily noticed in the Nigeria banking industry and
other industries where the employees€™ private lives are jeopardized in the
course of trying to meet the high demands and targets of the management. Young
university graduates who are ignorant of what is happening in the industry
often fall in this trap and the economy is not helping matters in any way.
This study is designed to evaluate the activities of the
trade union as an alternative avenue for manpower development in the country.
It€™s high time the problem of poor manpower development is visited and a
lasting solution provided.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study can be stated as follows:
To highlight and justify the efficacy of the role of Nigeria
Labour Congress (NLC) in manpower development in Nigeria.
To evaluate the contribution of Nigeria Labour Congress to
Nigeria Economy.
To identify the problems associated with Manpower Development
in Nigeria.
To justify the need for an active Manpower Policy in Nigeria.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The questions for this research are
What impact does active unionism has on the working condition
of workers in Nigeria?
What role does the operation of the trade union play in the
national development of Nigeria?
Does the operation of trade union affect the political
stability of Nigeria?
How does economic recession affect the survival of industries
vis-Ã -vis vibrant unionism in Nigeria?
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
1a Ho : That active Unionism could not lead to better
conditions of service among workers
b Ha : That active
Unionism could lead to better condition of service among workers
2a Ho : That
provision of training programme does not contribute to good quality Manpower in
the economy.
b Ha : That
provision of Training programmes contribute to good quality Manpower in the
economy.
3a Ho : Voluntary membership by workers could not
affect the effectiveness of Unionism.
b Ha : Voluntary membership by workers affect the
effectiveness of Unionism.
4a Ho : That
economic recession does not affect survival of industries vis-Ã -vis vibrant
Unionism in Nigeria.
b Ha : That
economic recession affect the survival of industries vis-Ã -
vis vibrant Unionism in Nigeria.
SIGNIFANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this research work is to evaluate and
analysis the contribution of Trade Union to Manpower Development in Nigeria. It
is hoped that it would contribute to the promotion of the existing frontier or
boundary between human knowledge and the role of trade unions in the
development of manpower.
1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Survey research method shall be used to gather information
from respondents concerning their opinions on manpower development in Nigeria
with reference to the role of Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC). The questionnaire
to be used shall be carefully administered and a total of one hundred (100)
people would be selected, for the purpose of this analysis. The sampling shall
be done randomly so that the respondents shall cut across different works of
life in Lagos State. This could to some extent give a basis for generalisation.
The data, which would be collected from the questionnaire,
will be analysed using the simple percentage method and chi-square, goodness of
fit. This will make the analysis of the data more concise and simple.
1.8 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study will be limited to the role, which
the Labour union plays in manpower development in Nigeria. The research work
will be so limited because of the limited availability of data and time. It
will also cover some of the publications of the Nigerian Labour Congress.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
MANPOWER:- Manpower is the total supply of people available
for work or services. It could also be regarded as work of one of the
recipients of a nations industry, it can be seem as power in terms of men
available or required for a task on purpose.
MANPOWER: According to Tobias (1969), Manpower can be defined
as people, humanity and society with all its aspirations, needs and capacities.
Manpower in the economic sense is managerial, scientific engineering,
technical, craftsmen and other skills which are employed in creating, designing
and developing organizations, managing and operating productive and services
enterprises and economic institutions.
DEVELOPMENT:- This can be seen to occur when there is a
noticeable set-up, output progress in
the performance of the resource (either human or material) required for
organizational or national building.
MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT:- Haribison F and Myers C. A. (1964)
defined manpower development or human resource development as a process of
increasing the knowledge, skilled and the capacities of all the people of the
society. Manpower development can also be defined as the gradual growth through
progressive changes of the personnel available of components to serve in a
nation, no doubt, manpower development play a crucial role in the growth and
development progress of a nation.
HUMAN CAPITAL: Human capital can be defined as the stock of
capital embodied in people. These are investment that human beings make in
themselves to improve their quality. Education on the job training helps
migration and some other activities in human beings are undertaken. Human
capital in essence is the present value of past investment in the skills of
people.
ORGANISATIONAL SPECIFICATION
This research work will be divided into five chapters. The
first chapter will be introduction. Chapter two will focus on the literature
review and theoretical framework on the role of trade union in the development
of Manpower in Nigeria.
The third Chapter will be based on the research methodology
to be adopted in the study
Chapter four would comprise the estimation and analysis of
data while the final chapter, which is chapter five, comprises the summary of
findings, conclusion, and recommendation and suggestion for future studies.
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