THE ROLE OF AN ACCOUNTANT IN THE POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMME OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
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THE ROLE OF AN ACCOUNTANT IN THE
POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMME OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU
NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
ABSTRACT
This project
work was on the role of the accountant in poverty alleviation programme of the
federal government with particular note on Enugu North local government area.
The objectives of the study among others
were: To determine the role of the Accountant in the poverty alleviation
programme of Enugu North local government area.
To determine whether the role of the
accountant is of relevant in the planning of programmes and policies of the
poverty alleviation programme in Enugu North local government area.
In view of this an indepth
literature, review was carried of related materials, journals, and text books,
Beside, data were elicited through the use of Questionnire and oral interview
conducted.
These data were analysed and
presented using statistical technique such as tables and percentages. The data was used to test the three
hypothesis formulated.
Based on the data analysed these
findings were made:
It was
discovered that the poverty alleviation programme was geared towards, providing
food, security, reducing unemployment and increasing the standard of living of
the citizens.
Inspite of the rigorious effort by
the three tiers government and the huge sum that has been spent so far, the
impact is yet to be felt even in Enugu North Local Government Area.
It was discovered that the local
government authorities particularly the poverty alleviation committee have made
contentious effort towards mobilization of savings by intermediating between
those that have the needed resources (donors) and those that need then
(grassroots).
In the light of these findings
recommendation were also made which include:
Enlightment
campaign programme aimed at informing and educating the citizens and
individuals domiciled within Enugu on the relevance benefit and right attitude
towards poverty alleviation programme.
Periodic
account audit should be carried out semi annually in other to determine the
amount and the effect of funds disbursed courtesy of the poverty alleviation
programme.
There should
be proper integration and role definition with particular emphasis on the place
of the accountant in other to guarantee maximum result which will invariably
lead to a noticeable impact of the programme at the grass root lead.
The researcher strongly believe that
if the measures are taken it will help to create positive impact of poverty
alleviation programme at the grass root level.
PROPOSAL
My project
research work is on the role of an accountant in the poverty alleviation
programme of the federal government of Nigeria with particular reference in
Enugu North Local Government Area.
These are the areas that I will
concentrate while carrying out my project research.
- To determine whether the role of the
accountant is of any relevant in the planning of programmes and policies of the
poverty alleviation programme in Enugu North local government areas.
In the
envisaged study, six hypotheses will be formulated to give direction of the
study.
Data for the study would be sourced
from two main sources.
Primary
data: Questionnaires and oral interviews will be used to collect information
from the respondents.
Secondary
data : Journals, magazine and other relevant materials relating to the area of
my investigation will be review.
This project will focus on the
activities and the role which the accountant will play in the poverty alleviation
programme of the federal government in Enugu North local government area.
Extensive literature review will be
carried out on direct literature and indirect literature on books, journals and
past works.
I will personally administer the
questionnaire on the respondents comprising private individuals and the staff
of the Enugu North local Government Area.
The research instrument to be used in
this study will be oral interview and questionnaire. The questionnaire will be structural as to
contain both close and open ended question.
Simple tables, pie-charts and
percentages will be used in treatment of data while chi-square will be used to
test the hypothesis formulated.
Finally, the study will hold immense
benefit to the economic programmes of the federal government and its citizenry,
the entire citizenry of Enugu North Local Government Area, the researcher and
readers.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Title
page
ii
Dedication
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract
v
Proposal
vii
Table of
contents
ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1
1.1 Purpose of the problem
2
1.2 statement of the problem
4
1.3 objectives of the study
6
1.4 research hypothesis
7
1.5 scope / limitation of the
study
8
1.6 significance of the study
9
1.7 Definition of terms 10
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Review of related literature 12
2.1 Nature and scope of accounting
12
2.2 Qualifications of an
accountant
17
2.3 The functional role of an
accountant 21
2.4 Benefits
23
2.5 The poverty alleviation programme
of the
federal government. 24
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0 Research Methodology
30
3.1 Sources of data
30
3.2 Research instrument
31
3.3 Population of study 32
3.4 Sampling technique
32
3.5 Determination of sample size 33
3.6 Validation of instrument 34
3.7 Test statistics
35
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Introduction
36
4.1 Data presentation, analysis and
interpretation 36
4.2 Test of hypothesis 46
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Introduction
51
5.1 Summary of findings
51
5.2 Recommendation
53
5.3 Conclusions
54
5.4 Suggestions for further studies 54
Appendix I
Questionnaire 55
Appendix ii
Bibliography
63
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The need to
develop micro economic activities that could enhance self reliance as a
strategy for educing poverty became paramount that the three tiers of
government (federal, state, and local) came up with various initiatives. Among these were programmes and policies that
aimed at:
- Stimulating economic growth through
the engagement of semi-skilled and unskilled labour in productive activities.
- Immediate reduction of social vices
and tension in the society by removing idle hands from the streets.
- Engage the unemployed in direct
activities as a variable means of reflecting the economy.
- Improve the environment latest
environmental degradation
- Minimize rural urban drift through the
improvement of rural communities.
- Committing the fund to direct benefit
of the participants rather than on services or overheads.
To achieve
these, machineries must be put in motion with competent professionals from
various fields of endeavour to plan, implement, monitor and control the
programmes and policies. Among these is
the role of the accountant.
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROBLEM
Among the
major problems that have played the socio-political and economic life of
developing nations are gross unemployment of her teeming population and
poverty. Among these nations include our
country Nigeria.
Poverty in Nigeria is pervasive. About 60% of Nigerians live below the poverty
line. Available statistics shows that
only 50% of the population have access to safe water. About 38% of the population do not have
access to primary health care, while most Nigerians consume less than one third
(1/3) of the minimum required protein and vitamins in take due to low
purchasing power.
These incidence were conpounded by
over two decades of political instability, macro economic policy
inconsistencies, low capacity utilization in indusories and the massive turn
out of school leavers and graduates by institutions of higher learning.
Suffice it to say that despite these,
for three decades after independence, unemployment and poverty were not a
national state or local concern in Nigeria as it is today. However on inception of office in May, 1999,
the Obasanjo administration took upon itself the major task of redressing the
twin problem of poverty and employment generation.
To this end therefore, the government
with a high sense of commitment made a provision of #10billion for the creation of two hundred
thousand jobs in the year 2000.
Worthy to mention was the fact that
governments desire to eradicate poverty was born out of the conviction that the
incidence of poverty and unemployment have assumed a dimension that is
socially, economically and politically unacceptable. To this end therefore, all hands must be on
deck including not only the three tiers of government but also professional
bodies and competent individuals among these includes the role of the accountant.
The accountant performs the
accounting function which involves the process of identifying, measuring,
recording and communicating the economic event of an organization (business or
non-business, government of non-government) to the process identification
involves selecting those events that are considered as evidence of economic
activities relevant to a particular entity.
(Wey Gandt, 1993).
Once identified, the economic events
must be measured in financial terms, that is quaritified innaira. If the event cannot be quantified in monetary
terms, it is not considered part of the organization financial information
system. The measurement function thereby
eliminates some significant events because they lack measurability in financial
terms. These and many more are some of the
functional roles of the accountant even as it applies to the poverty
alleviation programme of the federal government.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The importance of the accountant or
the accounting profession can not be over-emphasized. This stemmed from the fact the success of an
organization lies very much on effective and effectual planning, implanting,
monitoring and controlling its financial
flow thus, accounting is ingrained and vital to our economic
activity. Its relevance include the
whole process of identifying, measuring recording and communicating the
economic event of our organization to interested user of the information (Wey
Gandt 1993).
This role, no doubt permeates even to
the poverty alleviation programme of the federal government.
Enugu North Local Government is one
of the three tiers of government, whose major task is to guarantee the
efficient and effective implementation of the poverty alleviation programme at
the grass root level.
To achieve this therefore, a result
oriented planning, implementation, monitoring and controlling of the financial
resources must be put in place. The question that comes to mind therefore are:
What role
should the accountant play in the implementation of poverty alleviation
programme?
Is the role
of the accountant of any relevance to the actualization of this programme?
In other to answer these questions
this study will critically evaluate the role of the accountant in the poverty
alleviation programme in Enugu North Local Government Area.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of this study among
other things include:
To determine
the role of the accountant in the poverty alleviation programme of Enugu North
Local Government Area.
To determine
whether the role of an accountant is of any relevance in the planning of
programmes and policies of poverty alleviation in Enugu North Local Government
Area.
To determine
whether the role of the accountant is of any importance in the implementation
of the poverty alleviation programme.
To determine whether the role of the
accountant is of any relevance in monitoring of the strategies of the poverty
alleviation programme of Enugu North local Government Area.
To determine
whether the role of the accountant will result in the actualization of the
objectives of poverty alleviation in Enugu North Local Government Area.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
HO: The role of the accountant is not relevant
to the effective planning of the poverty alleviation programme in Enugu North
Local Government Area.
HI: The role of the accountants is relevant to
the effective planning of the poverty alleviation programme in Enugu North
Local Government Area.
HO2: The role of the accountant is irrelevant to
the successful implementation of the poverty alleviation programme in Enugu
North Local Government Area.
H2: The role of the accountant is relevant to the
successful implementation of the poverty alleviation programme in Enugu North
Local Government Area.
HO3: The
role of the accounted is irrelevant in the monitoring and controlling of the
poverty alleviation programme of Enugu North Local Government Area.
H3: The role of the accountant is relevant in the
monitoring and controlling of the poverty alleviation programme of Enugu North
Local Government Area.
1.5 SCOPE
This project
focused on the activities and the role the accountant played in the poverty
alleviation programme of the federal Government in Enugu North Local Government
Area. The responsibilities attached to the programme that was established by
the federal Government to help the less privileged, the unemployed in the
society and so on. It covers the
activities that happened or happening in Enugu North Local Government.
Area concerning the role of the
accountant in the poverty alleviation programme of the federal Government. The accountant has to discharge his/her civil
responsibilities in the programme within the geographical area i.e Enugu North
Local Government Area.
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