A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF BUDGETARY CONTROL: ITS EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY IN A NON PROFIT MAKING ORGANIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF N.C.R.I BADEGGI)
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A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF
BUDGETARY CONTROL: ITS EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY IN A NON PROFIT MAKING
ORGANIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF N.C.R.I BADEGGI)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The essence of budgeting is to provide an
essential element of control in an organization
in order to facilitate the achievement of set objectives .The control
process is the fundamental
organization link between
the manager and the other people in an
organization in a non profit making organization output
various with the objective with which they were established. The objective of
public organization could be social and or development in nature
. however this does not
means that public organization
can not make profit if government policy changes to privatizing or commercializing them. The
main structural problem of these type of organization is the sacrifice of the
organization profitability for social
efficacy which must be achieved in research
institute Badeggi falls into this category.
With the use of budget as a control tool, there is Ned for
planning a the performance of an organization.
Planning as defined by C.I.M.A is an the establishment of objective and
the formulation evaluation and selection
of the formulation of the policies strategies
tactics and action required to achieve these objective, by planning
activities in advance more economical use is made of the
organization resource and facilities and a fairly accurate estimates of
it s future resources requirement can be determined.
One of the outstanding features of budgetary control is that
policy plans resource s and activities of the organization are coordinated
integrated and controlled to achieve
the desired objectives.
Budgetary control is a means of providing some centralizing
control where activities and also responsibilities are decentralized.
It is also the use of budget for assigning responsibilities
planning and controlling performance and guiding managerial and other
activities of the firm towards the achievement of organizational objectives. It
involves, setting out clearly defined
forgets of output , income and expenditure for each section of the
organization .Embodying these forgets of performance in sectional divisional
and departmental budgets co0mpariing
these budget standards with actual performance .identifying deviations or
variances from the budget and taking corrective action or bringing performance
in line with budget targets .this is because all the heads of departments in
the organization are involved in the preparation and implementation of budgets,
while management5 control the whole activities of the organization.
Budgets are prepared as a result of committee work .Each cmmittee
constituting of representatives of various departments and functions to be
controlled .the heads of departments are
responsible for the respective department budget
Each executive or manager can then fully appreciate his
responsibilities ,as they are reflected in his department budget .Any deviation
of the actual result from the estimate and
forecast are traced back to the department head or manager.
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE
STUDY
Most of the non_
profit making organization in Nigeria are
governmental in nature, this is because they are mainly set up for
social and developmental purposes, this usually leads to a poor planning and
control measures. The purpose of this study is to critically analyze the
budgetary control system as a planning tool in non_ profit making organization
using National cereals Research institute as a case study. This research work
intend to bring about clearer understanding of the need for an effective and
efficient budgetary control in a
nonprofit making organization which will also be of benefit to other similar
Organization leading to an improvement in government owned
organization budgetary control system.
1. 2 STATEMENT OF
PROBLEMS
public sector and other nonprofit making organization are
often noted for inefficiencies and poor
management, which is as a result of poor
planning through repetitive budgeting. Recent studies in the area of
budget and resources allocation have shown lack of proper analysis. There is a
general lack of the concept of why we have a budget at all. This issue calls
for immediate investigation of budgeting
as a tool for resources planning and performance control and to recommend how
it can function properly.
1.3. OBJECTIVE OF
THE STUDY
The main
objective to be achieved from this research work is that, it will; serve
as a means of measuring the output or the work performed and to compare it with
the cost of input. This comparison provides a basis for indicating efficiency
and effectiveness.
The process of
comparing actual results with planned and evaluating variance if any set a
control frame works which help expenditure to be kept within an agreed
limit. If this deviations are noted, so
that action can be taken to correct this in the future.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The study
intend to cover budgetary control as it affect National cereals Research
institutes {N.C.R I} . it will examine
its budgeting control as a measure of performance.
1.5 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The followings are the research questions of the study.
1.
Historical Background
A Was there any
Decree /Act by Government that established the institute? (If any, quote with
date.)
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