THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCOUNTABILITY,PROBITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN THE FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICES
ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE/ABSTRACT OF THE PROJECT TOPIC
BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL
PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY.
THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT
IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC
ACCOUNTANT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCOUNTABILITY,PROBITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN
THE FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study:
Corruption and looting of public treasury was a major problem
in the public sector accounting. Report from office of statistics Lagos show
that our accounting records are balanced in arrears and our financial records
are hardly balanced daily, weekly, quarterly, half-yearly and yearly basis as
appropriate. This was evidenced by Chief Olusegun Obasanjo during his first
maiden address to the nation immediately he was sworn-in as the President of
the federal republic of Nigeria on the 29th day of May 1999. He stressed that
accountability, probity and transparency has suffered a lot set-back especially
in the civil service. He therefore suggested that some of the best ways to
eliminate this ill in the Nigerian public service are;
The effective use of public accounts;
The use of effective legislation;
The effective implementation of government policies and
programmes;
The effective use of auditors of the federal republic of
Nigeria among others.
He therefore concluded by saying “when we consider how the
public accounting and auditing can grow and develop, we are concerned not only
with helping the public accountant or the auditor fill their position, but also
with helping the whole economy and the organizational structure grow and
develop” (Obasanjo). The concept should therefore make it wise for us to look
more closely at the relationship between Nigeria and other countries of the
world. And for Nigeria to be recognized as a corrupt-free economy, the
accounting profession must be in a position to balance the financial records of
the federal government daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, half yearly or yearly
basis. This is because members of the public and the international community
want to see results, see the economy grow and the profession produce the final
output.
The same goes for other facets of the economy as indicated
above.
The military system of administration should be thrown to the winds as we
have evolved democracy like other developed countries of the world such as
United State of America, United Kingdom etc. It was in an attempt to analyze
the import of the president’s address on the 29th May, 1999 that this topic,
“the impact of accountant in the implementation of accountability, probity and
transparency in the federal civil service” comes to mind.
Statement of the Problems:
Public sector accounting in a corrupt society is a very big
problem to the economy of the nation. This is because the financial records do
not reflect the true and fair view of the accounting records. There are lots of
collaborations in the utilization of public funds to the extent that funds
allocated through the budget are not properly utilized. The annual for the
public (government) income and expenditure are at times late. What ever is the
position with timeless of delivery, these budget are never reviewed in time and
deviations are not investigated to ensure prompt remedial action which will
re-direct and re-orientate plans towards budgeted levels.
Another shortcoming is the threat to continually of
production of qualified accountants who will replace older retiring hands. This
systems form a number of factors like inadequate infrastructures (for example,
training materials, computers, library facilities etc) necessary for such
programmes. This point drives to a large extent from the very poor and unrealistic
remuneration paid to the practicing accountant in form of salary.
Public accountants are placed on government determined salary
scales, unlike their professional chartered counterparts whose fees for
auditing and other professional services rendered are self determined. The
implication of the forgoing deliberation is that while a professional body like
Institute of Chartered Accountant and its various programmes aimed at
monitoring more closely the curriculum of their counter-parts in the government
employment are poorly taken care of.
Another shortcoming is the quota system in the federal
service. The quota system has introduced mediocre and unethical practices in
the accounting profession. In a bid to fill in vacant positions in the federal
civil services, most of the unqualified personnel (mainly from certain ethnic
group of the country) are employed to the detriment of the job, hence giving
loopholes for embezzlement and financial misappropriation. Merits were thrown
to the winds.
In fact, meritocracy has given way to mediocrity. All this,
helped the administrators and some members of the society to look down on the
accountants as mere “house helps” and “rubber stamp” in the system.
The Objective of the Study
To determine the degree of implementation of accountability
transparency and probity in the public sector especially in the state and
federal civil service.
To determine the best way to improve on accountability,
transparency and probity in Nigeria
To determine the actual role of the public accountants in the
implementation of this programme;
To determine whether public accountant in collaboration with
their chief executives utilize judiciously all the allocations made from the
budget.
Significance of the Study
This study will be of immense help to the policy makers in
the federal civil service of Nigeria who will be able to know and assert the
adequate role of the public accountant in the service with a view to showing up
the programmes of accountability, probity and transparency of the present
administration.
“Nigeria” for the purpose of this paper means” the Federal
Republic of Nigeria including any area outside the territorial waters of the
Federal Republic of Nigeria which in accordance with international law has been
or may hereafter be designated under the laws of the Federal Republic of
Nigeria concerning the continental shelf, as an area within which the rights of
the Federal Republic of Nigeria with respect to the sea-bed and subsoil and
their natural resources may be exercised”. Constitution of the Federal Republic
of Nigeria (1999).
The policy makers should see the public accountants as
playing the role of a coach who exposes the skills and tactics and allows the
players to play the game. This is because in everything an individual or a
group of individuals in varying professions, do, there is a reason and purpose.
For example, in a private organization this reason or purpose is referred to as
an objective or goal. Therefore, government (public service) whose realm of
operation is popularly referred to as the public sector has as its objective
the governance of her people. This implies the tremendous responsibility to
grannies resources and allocates same towards fostering economic growth and
improving the standard of living of the citizens of the nation. Again
government is empowered by the laws of the land (constitution) to engage in
contractual arrangements for the purpose of increasing the resources available
to her in order to meet the requirements of governance, since it holds the
wealth of her nation in trust for that nation. To this extent, the government
of a nation owes her citizens the duty to account for the stewardship in the
effective disposition of the resources entrusted to her (This is
accountability).
For the government or the public sector to discharge her
responsibility or stewardship effectively, there is the need to maintain proper
records of the value of all programmes, activities and services, synthesize and
analyze the effect of government financial transaction, classify, summarize and
communicate such information for purposes of future decision-making or
assessment of performance.
Hypothesis
Ho: Public accountants
in collaboration with their directors (including principals) utilize
judiciously all the allocations made available to them.
Hi: Public
accountants in collaboration with their directors (including principals) do not
utilize judiciously all the allocation made available to them.
The testing of the hypothesis can be carried out through the
use of the draft of the federal government of Nigeria 1999, a year 2000 budget
estimate on recurrent and capital expenditure using unity school’s allocation
in the south-east geo-political zones on personnel cost and overhead cost
respectively.
A study carried out shows that a total sum of one hundred and
fifty million, six hundred and fifty thousand and twenty four naira (N150,
650,024.00) was allocated to the ten (10) unity schools in the south east geo
political zone in 1999 as against one hundred and seventy six million and
seventy two thousand five hundred and eighty naira (N176, 072,508.00) in year
2000. Yet each of this schools had one problem or the other in the payment of
teachers and non-teaching staff salaries and allowances as at when due.
In overhead cost, a total sum of fourteen million seven
hundred and twenty two thousand two hundred and twenty two naira twenty kobo.
(14,722,222,20) was allocated in nineteen ninety nine as opposed to seventeen
million and thirteen thousand eight hundred and eight naira eight kobo.
(17,013,888.80) in the year 2000 (reference table C and D in chapter four). But
this research discovered that most of the staff who where engage in official
journey to their headquarters have not received their duty tour allowances and
other claims on flimsy reason that funds were not available.
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study attempts to establish (i) whether the directors of
departments utilize judiciously all the allocations made available to them or
not; and (ii) to examine the impact of public accountants in the implementation
of accountability, transparency and probity.
Traditionally, and in common usage, the term accountability
means answerability for one’s action and behaviour within the emphasis that
public officials should be legally required to be answerable to the public for
their stewardship. For purposes of this thesis, the author wishes to confine
himself to financial accountability which is normally associated with
stewardship accounting. This simply refers to rendering the accounts of the
affairs of any organization or enterprise to the owners of the resources of the
enterprise. In the public service, financial accountability relates to the
right of the owners of the public wealth (tax payers and the general public) to
question whether those entrusted with the application of such wealth have done
so, with the greatest possible degree of efficiency, effectiveness, probity and
prudence to achieve broadly accepted national goals, (Iwok (2000) ).
While accountability implies a compulsion on the part of
those who are custodians of public wealth to give account to their trustees;
those who act in that capacity should recognize the obligation to submit
inquiry concerning their stewardship; such recognition and the willingness and
readiness to submit inquiry or examination bring about the concept of
transparency. To confirm that the activities of the stewards are clean and
without doubt they must be certified as true and fair by the trustee of his
appointment agent who should be of proven integrity.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you
will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account
below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE LINKS:
myeasyproject.com.ng
easyprojectmaterials.com
easyprojectmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterial.net.ng
easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
projectmaterials.com.ng
googleprojectsng.blogspot.com
myprojectsng.blogspot.com.ng
https://projectmaterialsng.blogspot.com.ng/
Comments
Post a Comment