ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE/ABSTRACT OF THE PROJECT TOPIC
BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL
PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY.
THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT
IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
PROBLEMS OF INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT AND
COLLECTION IN ENUGU STATE
ABSTRACT
With the present economic
predicaments in the country, most people found it very difficult to cope with
the high cost of living. This is true, because the government is not generating
enough revenue as expected and such things affect the budget of the year. It
all meant that the government may not have enough money to provide social
amenities for the individuals.
Therefore the government, individuals
depend on revenue for the execution of their projects. The need may be defense,
education, transport, agriculture or provision of shelter for their citizens.
How far, therefore, government can go in solving such problems is function of
the revenue.
In writing this topic, I decided to
include the problems of people in the pigment of taxes or what makes them to
bulge the payment of taxes
However, among other chapters,
chapter three deals specifically on the findings summary and recommendation.
AC/N2002/073
IMT ENUGU
JUNE 2004
TABLE OF
CONTENT
Title page
Approval
page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of
content
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Definition of terms
2.2 Problems of tax assessment
2.3 Problems of tax collection
2.4 Taxation of self employed
2.5 Persons through direct assessment
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1 Conclusions
3.2 Findings and recommendation
Bibliography.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Income tax
was first introduced in Nigeria in the year 1904 by the late Lugard when
community tax became operative in Northern Nigeria. Previously Nigeria
cheerfully paid their taxes in kind by rendering free services as clearing the
bush, digging pit toilets etc. for the benefit of the community, as a whole
failure to render such services usually resulted in seizing of property which
management reclaimed on payment of money.
In 1917, Lord Lugard made certain
changes which culminated in the native revenue ordinance. It was the 1917
ordinance that was extended to the Eastern part of Nigeria in 1928
Prior to 1st April 1956, the direct
taxation ordinance was applied to the Eastern Nigeria (Anambra state (Nigeria.
Under this ordinance, native Authorities (later local government councils)
assessed and collected income tax from Africans resident within their area of
jurisdiction.
With the Nigeria constitution order
in council, 1954 power was given to each region to tax on a regional level, all
Africans resident within the region or
deriving income there from. Eastern region acted on this power, by repealing
the direct taxation ordinance and introducing the finance law 1956 which became
effective from 1st April 1956. This law brought PAYE (pay as you earn) system
of tax collection into operation.
The raise man fiscal commission of
1958 recommended the introduction throughout Nigeria of basic principles for
taxing incomes of persons other than companies. This recommendation was
embodies in the Nigeria constitution order ion council, 1960 and it formed the
basis of statute upon which the present day tax laws of Enugu state operate.
By virtue of Edict 6 of 1970, the
board of internal revenue came into existence. In effect, the board of internal
revenue is the organ charged with the carrying of broad based principles of tax
administration in Enugu state
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW AND
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Taxation, tax assessment and
collection with their associated problems have received attention in public and
among seasoned writers. This is what it should be because there has been
increasing emphasis on revenue generation in recent times. Government
activities in Nigeria is almost grinding to a halt because of the inability of
the state government to meet the demand for increasing the salaries of their
workers. This is caliamed to be due to lack of sufficient revenue on the part
of the state government. In such circumstances the issue of tax is bound to be
topical.
But what is tax? The oxford Advanced
Learners Dictionary of current English defines tax a sum of money to be paid by
citizens (according to income, value of purchase etc) to the government for
public purpose. The definition assumes that to be taxed, a citizen must have
earned income to purchase taxable goods and that the tax payer must be a
citizen and that the claim appears narrow. Tax is a levy paid by a resident of
a state provided the resident is within a taxable age. Mr. J. O.E. Afulukwe
shared that view in his not on General Principles of taxation. In 1975, when he
said that tax can be defined as a compulsory contribution to the public
authority to meet the expenses of government and the provision of general
benefit
Tax can also be defines as a
compulsory levi imposed by the government on the income of a citizens. It must
be distinguish from which is an impost by a state on person which are resident
or earn income within the state.
in Simon’s
income tax (1952) Lord Mechagh was quoted as saying that income tax if may be
pardoned for saying so, is a tax on income. It is not meant to be a tax
essentially on anything else. It is not collection of taxes essentially distinct.
The essential element of that definition is that tax has to be based on income
and assessed as one within a given tax year. If you derive your income from
various sources (eg profession, the rent, and dividend|) the income from all
the sources must be aggregated and assessed together, not as series of taxes by
one tax.
Personal income tax is levied on the
income of any individual residing or deemed to be residing in any state.
Section 3 of the income tax management Act 1961 prescribes person liable to
income tax to include individuals trustees of a trust or settle, executor of
estate of a deceased person, body or group of individuals other than limited
liability companies, communities or families and itinerated workers.
Section 12 (1) B) of the finance law,
1962 however exempted income of a corporation established by a state government
from paying tax.
Personal income tax must be
distinguished from the company tax which is levied on the earning of limited
liability companies, whether private or public., part II schedule D, paragraph
7 of the 1989 constitutions of Nigeria spells out the taxing power of the state
of income other than company tax, thus leaving tax in the hand of the federal
government.
In terms of assessment it was
asserted in Simion’s income tax (1952) “for income tax purposes assessing means
the process of making assessment, and it covers the process from the
examination of the completed return forms, if any, to the issue of notices
showing the amount of the tax payable” to my own mind definition appears
circular and does not take any one to power understanding of the word
assessment. Chief H.D. Attamah, Enugu state Director of Internal Revenue seems
to have corrected that de-efficiency when in one of his lecture notes (1991) He
defines tax as “the art of appraising or evaluating an object with the aim of
ascertaining its value, monetary or non-monetary
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you
will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account
below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE LINKS:
myeasyproject.com.ng
easyprojectmaterials.com
easyprojectmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterial.net.ng
easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
projectmaterials.com.ng
googleprojectsng.blogspot.com
myprojectsng.blogspot.com.ng
https://projectmaterialsng.blogspot.com.ng/
Comments
Post a Comment