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ACCOUNTING INFORMATION
SYSTEM AS A MEANS OF ENHANCING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) has been in existence
for years. It is regarded the largest transport corporation in Nigeria and has
a high network operations.
The Nigerian railway corporation is One Hundred and Fourteen
years (114) old and it runs a unilaterally designed track system of 1067mm
charge gauge. Only 30km of its track distribution is in double track and that
is within Lagos area.
Nigerian Railway Corporation actually commenced rail business
activities with the construction of the first rail line from Lagos to Ibadan
193m between 1998 and 1901. By 1964 when the construction of 640km
Kano-Maiduguri rail line, then known as Bornu extension, was completed, the
present core of the railway network hard been put in place.
Presently, the railway system is made up of 3’505 route
kilometers and 4332 track kilometers. In addition to this is the 19km 1067mm
gauge extension from
Port-Harcourt to one deep sea port and the 277km standard
gauge rail construction of 1435mm from Ajaokuta to Warri. Nigerian railway was
transformed from its first and initial name.
Government Department of Railway” to Nigerian Railway
Corporation in 1955 through the instrumentality of the statutory act of
parliament which, apart from changing the name of the railway industry in
Nigeria, equally conferred on it absolute monopoly as the institution
recognized by law to carry out railway
services.
The general aim and object of the statutory act of parliament
of 1955 for Nigerian railway is to recognize same as carrying out its function
of effecting “carriage of passenger and goods in a manner that will offer full
value for money, meet cost of operation, improve market share and quality of
services, ensure safety of operation and maximum efficiency, meet social
responsibility in a manner that will meet the requirements of rail after,
trade, commerce, industry and general public”.
The headquarters of the corporation is located at Ebute-metta
in Lagos state while the entire network is for administrative convenience,
divided into seven autonomy districts viz.Lagos (Ebute-Metta junction), west
(Ibadan), north (Zaria), east Enugu), North-west (Minna), north- central
(Kanfanchem) and North-east
(bauchi)
The railway system has been undergoing same rehabilitation
and modernization with the full political and financial support of the federal
government through the federal ministry of transport. The rehabilitation of the
railway system includes track spot
removal of Lagos to Kano and Maiduguri to port-Harcourt, supply of 25 new
locomotive engines from brazil south America to boost the registry motive power
base of the corporation, up grading of the signaling and telecommunication
system from manual to semi automatic, as well as rehabilitation of carriage and
wagon workshops, re-equipping the workshops, supply of service support (spare
part consumables), strategic rebranding of the corporation, rehabilitation of
stations and marshalling yards inter alia.
Equally, new railway lines are being constructed in standard
gauge (1435mm).
These include: Ajaokuta-Warri of 277km, Kaduna-Abuja (Idu)
line of 186km while the scope of work for Lagos-Ibadan segment is under review
together with its cost implications.
The Nigerian Railway Corporation has contributed amenably
towards the improvement of social life and the development of the national
economy. This is through to be extended to every part of the country that is
the haven stages which will lead to permanent prosperity confident was such an
ultimate triumph of the railways.
However, regardless of the huge success made by the
corporation, it is facing a hard time.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Nigeria Railway Corporation which dominated the transport
sector of the economy in the sixties is presently being delegated by other
means of transport such as road transport, sea, and air transport. The
corporation has lost her passengers and freight mainly to road transport; this
is because of inability of the corporation to compute effectively in order to
meet the age longed challenges.
Ordinarily there should have been growth in both road and
railway transport but the railway transport seems neglected. The truth of the
matter is not just neglected, but a problem of cash flow difficulty and
management these affect the purchase of spare parts, repair, payment of
salaries, inadequate infrastructure support and enhance service rendering.
Given the above condition of the Nigerian Railway Corporation
in the nations transport industry, the problem which looks for detailed
analysis and solution includes the following questions.
Is the accounting information used in the corporation
adequate for managements short and long term plans?
Have the accounting officers in the corporation has the
needed professional skills to cope with demands of the job?
Is there any serious effort made by the corporation to boost
operation?
Do the accounting officers perform their duties without the
interference of the management?
What is the mode of approaching the chief accounting officer
of the corporation?
Answer to these questions above constitutes the basic problem
of the researchers work.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
Bearing in mind the above mentioned problem study is aimed at
finding out among other things such as:-
The organization of accounting department in Nigerian Railway
Corporation with particular interest in the eastern division of the corporation
and how the accounts department contributes to the achievement of overall goals
for the corporation.
Whether the accounting information is actually one of the
effective management tools in the railway corporation.
Whether the accountants in the corporation adequately perform
their duties in conformity with the statement of accounting standards (SAS)
Other headings in chapter one include the followings.
1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Hypotheses of the Study 1.6
Significance of the Study 1.7 Scope of the Study 1.8 Limitations of the Study
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