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THE
EFFECTS OF ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF NIGERIAN
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
ABSTRACT
There has been a
persisting challenges of accountability and transparency in local government
councils in Nigeria. The objective of this study has been to ascertain whether
accountability and transparency has put to check the circumvention of due
process in financial and non-financial activities of the Local government
council in Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted for the study, 55 Administrative
management and 30 internal auditing totaling 85 was randomly sampled and
stratified among members of staffs in local government out of 108 population
sample. Three research questions and hypothesis testeed at 0.05 percent levelof
significance guided to study. Frequencies, percentages, Means and standard
derviation were employed to answer the research question while Z-test
statistics were used to test the hypotheses. It was discovered that the process
of accountability and transparency has affected the official and non-official
financial behavioral attitudes of council staffs in Nigeria. It was
recommended that there should be adequate sensitization through, workshops
seminars and lectures on the need for accountability and transparency in the
government System.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Approval Page
------------------------------------------------------------------ i
Certification
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
Dedication
----------------------------------------------------------------------iii
Acknowledgement
------------------------------------------------------------ iv
Abstract
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
v
Table of
content---------------------------------------------------------------
vi
List of
Tables------------------------------------------------------------------
vii
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1 Background of the
study. ----------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 Statement of the
problem. ---------------------------------------------- 3
1.3 Research
questions. ----------------------------------------------------- 5
1.4 Objectives of the
study. --------------------------------------------------5
1.5 Research
hypotheses. --------------------------------------------------- 6
1.6 Significance of
the study. ----------------------------------------------- 7
1.7 Scope of study.
----------------------------------------------------------- 8
1.8 Limitations of
the study. ------------------------------------------------ 8
1.9 Definition of
terms. ------------------------------------------------------ 9
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
2.1.1 Financial
management. --------------------------------------- 15
2.1.2 Achieving
accountability in financial management. -------- 19
2.2
Structure/functions of a local government. ------ --------------
24
2.2.1 Functions of a
local governments. ----------------------------- 25
2.2.2 Financial
administration profile of a local government. ---28
2.3 Auditing in the
local government. ----------------------------- 29
2.4 Budgeting in the
local government. ---------------------------- 30
2.5 Financial
memoranda. --------------------------------------------- 31
2.6 Methods of local
government account and the responsibilities. -31
2.7 Accounts kept by
local government. ------------------------------- 33
2.8 Revenue
collection machinery.----------------------------------- 35
2.9 Problems of
revenue collection in local government. ----------- 37
2.10 An overview of
the major source of fund/revenue by local governments.40
2.11 The external
source of fund/revenue by local governments. -----44
2.12 Overview of
government accounting. ------------------------ 45
2.13 Financial
records. ---------------------------------------------- 46
2.14 Functions of the
head of service: the treasurer and legislative arm of local government.
--------------------------------------------------- 47
2.15 Control measures
adopted by the local government council. --- 48
2.16 Measures for
fighting corruption in local government. ----------52
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH DESIGN
AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research
methodology. ------------------------------------------ 55
3.2 Research design.
----------------------------------------------55
3.3 Population of the
study. ---------------------------------------55
3.4 Sample design and
techniques. ----------------------------56
3.5 Source of data
collection. -------------------------------------- 56
10
3.5.1 Primary source
of data. --------------------------------------- 56
3.5.2 Secondary
source of data. ------------------------------------- 57
3.6 Instrument for
data collection. ----------------------------------- 57
3.7 Validity and
reliability of measuring instrument. -----------57
3.8 Method of data
analysis. ------------------------------------------ 60
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION
AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Presentation and
analysis of data. -------------------------------62
4.2 Test of
hypotheses. --------------------------------------------76
4.2.1 Hypothesis one.
-------------------------------------------------- 76
4.2.2 Hypothesis two.
---------------------------------------------- 81
4.2.3 Hypothesis
three. ------------------------------------------------ 87
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of
findings. ---------------------------------------------- 94
5.2 Conclusion
--------------------------------------------------------- 95
5.3 Recommendations
----------------------------------------------- 96
5.4 Suggestion for
further study. --------------------------------97
Bibliography 98
Appendix I 100
Appendix II 101
11
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4.1: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionaire
TABLE 4.2: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionaires
TABLE 4.3: The
Responses and percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionaire.
TABLE 4.4: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionaire.
TABLE 4.5 : The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.6: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.7: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.8: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.9: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.10: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
12
TABLE 4.11: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.12: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.13: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.14: The
Responses and Percentages of Responses from Respondents to Questionnaire.
TABLE 4.15: Mean
computation of Administrative management Responses o test the hypothesis
TABLE 4.16.
Computation of standard derivation of Administrative management Responses to
test the hypothesis
TABLE 4.17: Mean
Computation of Internal Auditing
TABLE 4.18:
Computation of standard derivation of internal auditing Responses to test the
hypothesis.
TABLE 4.19 : Mean
computation of Administrative management Responses to test the Hypothesis
TABLE 4.20: Computation
of standard derivation of Administrative management
Responses to test the
Hypothesis.
TABLE: 4.21: Mean
computation of internal Auditing Responses to test the hypothesis.
13
TABLE 4.22:
Computation of standard derivation of internal auditing Responses to test the
hypothesis
TABLE 4.23:Mean
computation of internal Auditing Responses to test the hypothesis.
TABLE 4.24:
Computation of standard derivation of Administrative management Responses to
test the hypothesis.
TABLE 4.25:Mean
computation of internal Auditing Responses to test the hypothesis.
TABLE 4.26:Mean
computation of standard derivation of internal Auditing Responses to test the
hypotheses
4.3 TABULATION OF
RESULT
HYPOTHESIS ONE
HYPOTHESIS TWO
HYPOTHESIS THREE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 THE BACKGROUND OF
STUDY
Accountability and
transparency has been critical issue in financial management of local
government. It has been hampering the performances of the council and has been
and is still a yet problem to be solved. It could be traced to have started
during the early era of management, when people are in co-operative efforts to
achieve aims which they could not achieve individually.
What is today known
as local government in Nigeria has been metamorphosed from the pre-colonial
transitional system of government which was highly localized according to the
peculiarities of the areas. The local council or native authority presents the
basic unit through which any nation administers her people of the grass-roots
level
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