THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY STRUCTURE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY OF COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, EKIADOLOR IN OVIA NORTH EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
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THE
INFLUENCE OF FAMILY STRUCTURE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN
TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY OF COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, EKIADOLOR IN OVIA
NORTH EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
The aim of
this study is to investigate the influence of family structure on the academic
performance of students in tertiary institutions a case study of College of
Education, Ekiadolor-Benin in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State. during the course of this
research the researcher found out that the ability to perform well has a great
relationship with the structure of the family in which a child is brought up
the researcher recommended that parents should try as much as possible to give
their children eighty percent (80%) of their time and care in order for the
students not to be emotionally imbalanced. More emphasis was laid down on the
different types of family structure, if it is either a single parent or
grandparent or nuclear family or step parents. One hundred students were used
in College of Education, Ekiadolor. Relevant data was collected through the use
of questionnaire; they were analysed using frequency distribution and
percentage as statistical tools.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background
of the study
Statement of
problem
Research
questions
Research
hypothesis
Purpose of
the study
Significance
of the study
The scope of
study
Limitation
Definition
of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Review of
related literature
CHAPTER
THREE
Methodology
Research
design
Population
and sample
Sampling
techniques
Instrument
for data collection
Validation
of data
Reliability
of the instrument
Method of
data collection
Data
analysis techniques
CHAPTER FOUR
Data
presentation, analysis and interpretation
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary,
conclusion and recommendation
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
and suggestion for further research
BIBLIOGRAPHY
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Academic
attainment is an important parameter in measuring success in students.
Observations and reports have shown that success or high academic achievement
has become a Herculean task to accomplish by students in recent times. Poor
academic performance was recorded both at the secondary school and tertiary
levels of education in Nigeria. The performance of students at all levels in
educational institutions in Nigeria has attracted much criticisms from all and
sundry and from time immemorial. The decline in academic performance of
students in Nigeria has been observed by Soyinka (1999), when he observed that
education system in Nigeria need restructuring. He went further to say that
academic standard had fallen drastically and the quality of graduates being
produced by the nations’ schools is questionable and subject to re-examination.
Poor
academic performance of students has been of great concern to educationists,
guidance and counsellor in particular. Despite all guidance programmes and
counselling strategies mounted in schools to improve the students’ academic performance
were recorded yearly. It becomes necessary to find out the causes of such poor
performance in Nigeria secondary institutions. Though these poor performances
have been attributed to a lot of industries such as students’ factors, like
student’s attitude to school, approach to learning and academic self concept.
Apart from students’ factors, school factors and parent’s factors, there are
other indicators that cause poor performance. on the part of the parents, there
are certain factors which influence children’s success, such as parents’ social
class, parents’ education as well as parental input and other factors, the
family size and birth order may contribute positively or negatively to
students’ academic performance.
Family
structure in this context refers to the total number of children in the child’s
family in addition to the child himself, while the birth order refers to the
child’s position in the birth order. However, family type that a child comes
from either monogamous or polygamous family usually have impact on the child’s
academic performance. It is important to note that either of the family type
(monogamous or polygamous) family dictates the structure of the family. Over
the last two decades a stream of research consistently highlights the
complexities and powerful influences that the home environment have on the
academic achievement of students. Bassler,
et al (1992) emphasized in their research on family structure that it
was an important factor in student achievement. They stressed that when parents
and teachers work together, student’s achievement is positively affected.
Children living with both parents tend to perform socially and academically.
Achenmbach,
et al (2002) the findings were believed to be accredited to factors commonly found
in two parents homes, such as sense of self identity, family socio-economic
status and consistency within the home. In an earlier study Carlson and Corwran
(2001) found that two parents home were beginning to decline at a significant
rate. This study also found an overwhelming decline in the academic achievement
of students from both parents’ homes to single parents home. It is imperative
to note that the study found a significant decline in the academic achievement
of students living in both the one parents and two parents’ homes. The results
were derived from the influence of family structure on a child academic
performance. Macoby and Martin (1983) found that when parents are involved in
their children education, it encouraged learning and cultural awareness
regardless of the family structure.
STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM
This study
aims at assessing the influence of family structure in tertiary institution. A
case study of College of Education, Ekiadolor in Ovia North East Local
Government Area of Edo State. However, research does not support which family
structure is directly linked to high or low academic achievement consequently
findings revealed other factors such as socio- parents education, geographic
location, gender, teacher expectations and teacher qualifications, these
factors have a greater impact on students academics. Students in tertiary
institutions are faced daily with the challenges of meeting academic growth,
while dealing with balancing and adjusting to the differences among their homes
and schools environment. Administrators are charged to ensure that all students
are motivated and encouraged to learn and not be labeled or stigmatized because
of the uniqueness of the family structure.
Today with
high stakes testing and accountability. It is necessary for teachers to be
familiar with the different family structure of their students and to
understand how family structure impacts academic achievement. The media reports the negativity associated with
children living in single parents homes, as low socio-economic, delinquency,
academic achievement gap, and school dropout. The odds double when the single
homes are of African descent. Often
times, Nigeria students from single homes are not given the same admiration as
other students, which cause them to become academically disengaged. Since the
no child left behind mandates that all children should be reading on grade
levels in tertiary institutions it becomes necessary for educators to implement
strategies for the educational well-being of all students regardless of gender
race, geographical locations or family structure.
PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study was to compare and analyze the influence of family structure in
tertiary institution, a case study of College of Education, Ekiadolor in Ovia
North East Local Government Area of Edo State. The purpose was also to compare
the difference in the family structure and the academic performance level of
tertiary institution.
Finally the
purpose was to determine whether there is a significant difference between
family structure and academic performance of students in tertiary institutions.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Is there any
significant difference in the family structure and the academic performance
level of students in the tertiary institutions?
Does family
structure affects the academic performance of a child?
How does
family structure influence a child academic performance in tertiary
institution?
Does the
level of parents education affect the
academic performance of a child?
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The result
of this study will benefit the lecturers and the policy maker who design
programmes and activities for children involved in family crisis. This research
study will also benefit parents and the teachers who are interested I the
academic performance of students and for those who are interested in finding
solutions to addressing the performance. The result will also assist lecturer
and administrators with academic planning of programmes and courses for the
diverse needs of students, academic programming to include intervention
strategies for children from various family structure, geographic areas and
genders, sensitivity to the stigmas
associated with children living in one parent homes, as opposed to children
living in the two parents homes.
BASIC
ASSUMPTION
It was
assumed that the rese4archer would exhibit integrity and honesty during the
retrieving and reporting of data. It was further assumed that all data
retrieved would be analysed and reported accurately without biases to
participant’s gender or geographical locations. It was also assumed that the
researcher would report all data with confidentiality in regards to the
performance level of students and schools.
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Family: A
family is a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity or
co-residence.
Structure:
It is a fundamental, tangible or intangible notion referring to the
recognition, observation, nature and performance of patterns and relationship
of entities.
Family
structure: family structure is the way that a household or family is set up, it
can either be single parent or both parents.
Academic: It is connected with education, especially
studying in schools and universities.
Single
parents: A single parent is a parent, not living with a spouse or partner, who
has most of the day to day responsibility in raising the child or children
Parents:
parents are caretaker of the offspring in their own species.
Tertiary: It
is also referred to as third stage,
third level and post-secondary education, it is the educational level following
the completion of a school providing a secondary education.
Administrator:
It is a person for the performance or management of administrative business
operations.
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