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CAUSES AND
EFFECT OF UNEMPLOYMENT OF NCE GRADUATES IN BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This
research was conducted to investigate “causes and effects of unemployment on
N.C.E. graduates in Benin City, Edo State capital. In the course of carrying
out the work, the researcher looked at the type of unemployment, some of which
include frictional unemployment, seasonal unemployment, cyclical unemployment
and residual unemployment. The researcher also focuses her attention on
reviewing related literature. More so, it was revealed that some of the causes
of unemployment are too many for N.C.E. graduates seeking jobs. Irrelevance of
the course studies, the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas.
However, some recommendations were made in the closing chapter among which are;
Government should restructure our education system to suit the demands of the
society, Government should make agriculture more attractive, Good development
plan, finally, government should provide necessary infrastructure to prevent
the rural-urban migration, if these are provided by the government, it will
help to reduce unemployment rate to an extent.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
Chapter one
Introduction
Background
of the study
Statement of
the problems
Objectives
of the study
Research
question
Scope of the
study
Limitation
of the study
Significance
of the study
Definition
of terms
Chapter two
Literature
review
Chapter
three Research methodology
The study
area
Population
of the study
Sample
method
Sample size
Research
instrument
Organization
of data
Statistical
methods of data analysis
Chapter four
Data
analysis
Chapter five
Summary,
conclusion and recommendations
Summary and
conclusion
Recommendations
References
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The rate at
which unemployed N.C.E. graduates roam the street in Edo State without a job
has begun to draw the attention of both government and public individuals. It
is important to know the meaning of the “unemployment” in order to fully
understand the causes and effect. According to Ihingan (1980), unemployment is
spreading with urbanization and education. But the industrial sector has failed
to expand along the growth of labour force thereby increasing urban unemployment.
He went further to say that there are educated unemployed graduates who fail to
get jobs due to structural rigidities and lack of entrepreneurial skills.
A person is
s aid to be unemployed if in spite of his willingness and capacity to work, he
cannot do owing to reasons inherent in organization of commodity product. This
is a state of affairs in the labour market where the supply of labour is
greater than the available resources.
According to
Harvey (1985), unemployment exists when people are capable and willing to work
but not able to find suitable paid employment. The problems of unemployment
date back to the year 1930, even before the great world economic depression. In
Nigeria, specifically Edo State by the year 1960, school leavers secured jobs
with relative eased, skilled labour especially NCE graduates was scarce and
difficult to come by and it was the employers who looked for them. However, it
must be emphasized that this research is concerned with unemployable frictional
unemployment, as it relates to unemployed NCE graduates n Edo State.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
a).
Unemployment is on the increase
b). Many NCE
graduates are unemployed
c). There is
mass production of NCE graduates who do not have relevant skills.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
objectives of the study are to:
1. Examine
the cause and nature of unemployment among N.C.E. graduates
2. Examine
the effects of unemployment on N.C.E. holders in Edo State
3. Recommend
possible solutions to the identified problems of unemployment among this group
of graduates, which can aid in reducing the effects.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are
the problems encountered as a result of being unemployed?
2. Does
unemployment lead to health problems?
1.5 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The scope of
this project work focuses on the causes and effects of unemployment of NCE
graduates in the College of Education, Ekiadolor-Benin.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
research was will be useful to the federal government, local government,
tertiary institutions, students and general public. Since the causes and effect
of unemployment has been identified and enumerated, it is hoped that the state
government will undoubtedly tackle it and accelerate economic development in
the Edo State.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
In the
course of this study, some terms used in the process are defined as follows:
Unemployment:
Unemployment is a condition or situation whereby persons capable and willing to
work are unable to get paid employment.
Frictional
unemployment: This is the process of moving from one job to another by workers.
Structural
unemployment: These are physically, mentally and intellectually healthy people
who cannot find them. It is this structural unemployment that the researcher of
this thesis is concerned about.
Visible
unemployment: This refers to the association of a large number of people who do
not have work and who are dearly looking for job.
Unemployables:
This is as of physical or mental handicap, which means that although they would
like to work, there is no work, which they are able to work.
Normal or
transitional unemployment: This occur when people change their jobs, that is,
people merely desire to change or move to a different part of the country for
better jobs prospect.
Cyclical
unemployment: This term refers to the alternate booms and slumps in the level
of industrial activity.
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