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ROLES OF
PARENT IN ERADICATION OF CULTISM IN THE SOCIETY
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Cultism in
Nigeria is now very popular among Nigerian youths, it all began from the
campus; it was founded by the nobel laureate prof. wole soyinka back in 1952.
This cult group; pyrate confraternity Elite of the university college of Ibadan
was formed by prof wole soyinka with his six friends and then part of the
University of London. The very aim of this group was to produce a leader who
will be very proud of his african heritage. They have skull and crossbones as
their logo while members adopted confraternity names as ‘’Capon’ Blood’’ and
‘’Long John Silver’’. The pirates
cultivated a style that ridiculed colonial attitude. They proved popular among
students even after the original members moved on. Membership was
opened to every male students regardless of tribe or race. For almost 20 years,
the pirate a non-violent body become established in all tertiary
institution that emerged in post independent Nigeria as the
only confraternity on Nigeria campus. The emergence of campus cult as they are
known in Nigeria today began with a split of early 1970s, in pirates
confraternity. 1972 Bolaji Carew and several others were expelled from the
pirates for failing to meet expected standards.
In reaction to this and other
events, the pirates registered themselves under the name National Association
of Seadogs [NAS]. The Buccaneers of Seadogs was founded by Carew. In 1980s
confraternities spread over the 300 institutions of higher education in the
country. The Neo-Black movement of Africa [Black Axe] emerged from University
of Benin in Edo state while the Supreme Eiye confraternity [National
Association of Air Lords] broken off from Black Axe in 1983. Students at the
University of Calabar in cross River State founded the Eternal Fraternal Order
of the Legion Consortium [the Klansmens Konfraternity] while a former member of
Buccaneers confraternity started the Supreme Vikings confraternity [the
Adventures of the De Norsemen Club of Nigeria ] the following year.
In the mid
80s, it had become evident that some of the cults had been adopted as elements
in the intelligence and the security services serving the then military
government. They were used against students union and University staff who was
the only organized groups opposing military rule.
In 1984,
Prof Wole Soyinka, extricated himself from emerging trend, initiated the
abolition of the pirates confraternity in all tertiary institution, by
then the phenomena of violent cults had
developed a life of its own; early 1990s as the end of the second Republic drew
near, confraternity activities expanded dramatically in the Niger Delta as they
engaged in a bloody struggle for supremacy. The family confraternity [The
campus mafia or The mafia], which modeled itself after the Italian mafia,
emerged, shortly after their arrival, several students were expelled from Abia
State University for cheating and ‘’cultism ‘’ a reference to the
voodoo-practicing confraternities, which marked the beginning of a shift of
confraternity activities from the university to off campus.
The
Brotherhood of the Blood [also known as Two-Two [Black Beret] another notorious
confraternity was founded at Enugu State University of Science and Technology.
Cults established in early 1990s are; Second Son of Satan [SSS], Night Cadet,
Sonmen, Mgba Mgba Brothers, Temple of
Eden, Trogan Horse, Jurists, White
Bishops, Gentlemen Clubs, Fame, Executioners, Dreded Friends, Eagle club, Black
Scorpion, Red Sea Horse, Fraternity of Friends The klansmen konfraternity
expanded their influence by creating a Street and Creek Wing,, Deebam to
expanded their influence by creating a street and Creek wing, Deebam to fight
for and control territory outside the Universities through violence and crime.
In response, the supreme Vikings Confraternity [SVC] establish their own street
and creek group, Dewell. When was unable to match Deebam, the SVC created the
second confraternity wing. The Icelanders [German], which was led by militia
leader Ateke Tom. The outlaws, another well-known street and creek
confraternity began to be formed. These includes the Black Brazier [Black Bra], the Viqueens, Daughters
of Jezebel and the Damsel. Female confraternities have supplied spies for all
allied male confraternities as well as acted as prostitution syndicates.
All the
students of the above mentioned cult group are coming from different families
in Nigeria. most of these students were given free hands by their parents. The
kind of parents a student have determine the kind of attitutude potrayed by
such students. Take trace down to the histroy of cultism; more than 70% of the
cultist are from a careless background. Some are the sons and daughters of rich
parents.
Lack of
advice and proper upbringing in the fear of God by parents is the major cause
of cultism in Nigeria.
The
eradication of cultism in Nigeria must start from the house, the parents can go
a long way to help the federal government of Nigeria to eradicate the menace of
cultism. When a parent start telling the child the dangers of being a cultist
from childhood, that particular child will live to remember the dangers behind
cultism.
Parent
should also watch the friends that their children keep because this thing
called “cultism” starts from keeping wrong group of friends.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Cultism is
the major cause of violence in Nigeria, this have being the main area of
research by researchers and educationist in Nigeria to help the federal
government of nigeria to eradicate cultism. But one can not fight cultism from
the outside, if cultism must be stopped, the it has to be an internal thing.
This research work try to assist both the parents and the Federal government of
Nigeria to eradicte cultism. But the major proble is not only the parents,
members of staff of the federal government also practice cultism. Parents will
do their best at home to eradicate cultism but it is still some this top
politician that encourage this cult groups. So the fight will not only come
from the parents; though the parent have a major role to play in eradictaion of
cultism in Nigeria. because a child can not be forced to become a cultist if he
or she is coming from a religious background and from a descent parents.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTION
1. What are
the roles of parents in the eradication of cultism in Nigeria?
2. What are
the major causes of cult activities in Nigeria?
3. What are
the roles of the federal government of Nigeria in the eradictaion of cultism in
tertiary institutions?
4. Are there
any benefits in becoming a member of a cult group in Nigeria?
5. Does the
family background of a child have significant effect on the attitude and desire
of the child to become a member of a cult group?
6. What
effect does the advice and teachings of the parent on a child refusal to become
a cultist?
7. Why is cult
activities much in the higher institutions in Nigeria?
8. What are
the ways to curb out cultism in tertiary institutions in Nigeria?
1.4 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
H0: There is
no significant relationship between the background of a child and the refusal of
becoming a cult menber.
H1: There is
a significant relationship between the background of a child and the refusal of
becoming a cult menber.
H0: Prents
advice have no significant impact on the child refusal of becoming a cult
member.
H1: Prents
advice have significant impact on the child refusal of becoming a cult member.
H0: cult
activities in tertiary institution has no significant effect on the academic
performance and behavioural pattern of the students.
H1: cult
activities in tertiary institution has significant effect on the academic
performance and behavioural pattern of the students.
1.5 AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The aim of
this research work is to determine the following:
1. The roles
of parents in the eradication of cultism in Nigeria
2. The major
causes of cult activities in Nigeria.
3. The roles
of the federal government of Nigeria in the eradictaion of cultism in tertiary
institutions.
4. If there
is any benefits in becoming a member of a cult group in Nigeria.
5. Whether
the family background of a child have significant effect on the attitude and
desire of the child to become a member of a cult group.
6. The
effect of the advice and teachings of the parent on a child refusal to become a
cultist.
7. Why is
cult activities much in the higher institutions in Nigeria.
8. The ways to curb out cultism in tertiary
institutions in Nigeria.
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
By the end
of the research work we shall be able to state the roles of parents in the
eradiction of cultism in the society. The
study will also discuss the effect of cult activities on the academic
performance and behavioural pattern of a student in a tertiary institution. The
study also look at the participation of the federal government of Nigeria in
the eradication of cultism in Nigeria. the research work will state the effect
of cultism on the social and economic development of Nigeria with the disadvantages.
Finally the study will be able to reveal the effect of the background of a
child on the refusal of becoming a cult member in the society.
1.7 SCOPE OF
STUDY
The study
covers the origin of cultism in Nigeria, it also discuss the various types of cult
groups and the year founded in Nigeria. the study also reveals the roles of
both the parents and federal government of Nigeria in eradicating cultism in
Nigeria.
1.8
LIMITATION OF STUDY
FINANCIAL
CONSTRAINTS: Due to insufficient finance the researcher was unable to visit all
areas in the society but the research was able to get good information on the
background and the responses of educated people on how to eradicate cultism in
Nigeria.
TIME
CONSTRAINTS: Due to researchers involvement in other research, he or she was
unable to reach out to all the areas of the society and various tertiary
institutions in Nigeria. but was able to get all the information needed for the
purpose of the research work.
1.9
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CONFRATANITY:
a brotherhood, especially with a religious or charitable purpose.
CULTISM: A
religion or religious sect generally considered to be extremist or false, with
its followers often living in an unconventional manner under the guidance of an
authoritarian, charismatic leader.
ERADICATION:
is the complete removal of something or complete destruction of anything.
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