EFFECT OF SINGLE PARENTHOOD ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL: A CASE STUDY OF EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
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EFFECT OF
SINGLE PARENTHOOD ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL: A
CASE STUDY OF EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This project
takes a critical look at the effect of single parenthood in the academic
performance of pupils in primary school, a case study of Egor Local Government Area
of Edo State. The study revealed the following findings.
Apart from
the child’s academic, single parent affects the child’s psychology for the
child will not be able to relate well with his or her mates.
The kind of
home a child comes from will reflect in his or her performance as well as in
his or her public relation
That the
unruly behaviour of step parents affect the pupils negatively.
From the
result obtained, the research recommends that parent should stick together in
harmony. Children who found themselves in single parent home should try as much
as possible to adjust to new situation at home and should try to relate well
with the parent or relatives they are living with. They should try to be
disciplined to instruction they are given either at home or in the school.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Background
of the study
Statement of
the problem
Research
questions
Purpose of
the study
Significance
of the study
Scope of the
study
Limitation
of the study
Definition
of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Review of
Related Literature
CHAPTER
THREE
Research
methodology
Research
design
Population
of the study
Research
instrument
Data
collection
Statistical
techniques
CHAPTER FOUR
Data
presentation and interpretation of result
CHAPTER FIVE
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF STUDY`
A single
parent is a parent not living with a spouse or a partner. The single parent has
most of the day to day responsibilities in raising the child or children.
Single
parenthood is the practice of raising children or building family without a
spouse or partner. As a choice of building a family, single parenthood (single
parenting) is now acceptable in our society. In western society in general the
child will end up with the primary caregiver usually the mother or the
secondary caregiver usually the father when there is a separation. Some
sociologist perceives the prevalence of single parenting as an alternative
family form, rather than as a problem in the society. Regardless of how it is
perceived, the increase of families raised by one parent influences the social
economical and political context of family life.
In Nigeria,
the existence of single parent was formerly unknown and where they existed they
were ignored as exceptional cases. However, nowadays they are fast growing
family pattern both inside and outside Nigeria. Although there is no available
statistic of single parent in Nigeria, practical experience and newspaper
report shows that there is an increase of single parent in Nigeria.
Historically
death of a partner was a major cause of single parenting, other causes include
divorce of a couple with children parent that never married, early pregnancy e.
t .c. however, children with single parent are three times more likely to
dropout of school than children from two parent families (similes and lee,
zool). The demographic of single parenting show a general increase worldwide in
children living in single parent homes. A child from home where the father and
mother are present will be taken care of and socialize in best way possible,
this is due to the fact that the process of socialization depend on both
parents playing complimentary role in the upbringing of the child such a child
is likely to achieve self actualization later in life, unlike children from
single parent home who are likely to suffer deprivation and denial of some
right and opportunities.
Over the
past 20 years single parent families have become even more common than the
nuclear family. Life in a single parent household through common can be quite
stressful for the adult and for the children. Member of a single parent family
can function like the two parent family and may not feel comfortable when it
cannot. The single parent may feel overwhelmed by the responsibilities of
caring for the children; maintain a job and keeping up with the bills.
Amato (2003)
suggested that single parent is problematic for children socialization because
many with one parent receive less economic and emotional support, less
practical assistance less information, guidance and supervision, less role
modeling than children in two parent families those. Among children in single
parent families those from mothers absent household earn lower grades than
children from fathers absent homes and matter which are absent children from
single parent families generally find it difficult to connect with school
activities both academically and morally (Murkey et al 2004).
The family
is the first socializing agent; the child come in contact with it has a great
influence on the child’s physical mental and moral development. The father is
to provide the necessary tools for educational while the mother is supposed to
supplement the father’s effort in this regard when the father is absent and the
mother is not privilege enough to cater for all the basic needs as well as
supervised the child educationally and morally will be backward. The teacher at
school commonly describe children from as more hostile, aggressive, anxious,
fearful, hyperactive and distractible than children from two parent families.
One is
therefore motivated to ask the question “what is the effect of single
parenthood on the academic performance of pupils”?
STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
Generally
speaking, two good heads are better than one. The role parents play in the
upbringing of a child is very important and so many male and female children in
school are portraying habits which seem not to be in accordance with the school
rules and regulation e.g. fighting, stealing, female pupils keeping male
companies, keeping bad companies. And this has negative effect on the academic
performance of the pupils.
This
prompted the researcher to investigate effect of single parenthood on the
academic performance of pupils in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State.
RESEARCH
QUESTION
Research
generally is to understand or find answers to problem that the researcher may
be interested in. in the quest for solution the researcher’s talk is to ask
pertinent question whose aim is to address whatever could be bothering the
researcher.
For the
purpose of the present study, the following questions were asked.
Does single
parenthood have any effect on the academic performance of pupils in Egor Local
Government Area of Edo State?
Do children
from single parenthood enjoy the support of both parents financially in Egor
Local Government Area of Edo State?
Are children
from single parenthood properly guided in terms of future career in Egor Local
Government Area of Edo State?
Does the manner
of treatment given to children from single parent/broken homes affect their
academic performance?
Does the
attitude of teachers towards children from single parent home affect the
academic performance of the children?
PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
This is designed
to find out the effect of single parenthood on academic performance of pupils
and also to offer solution to the effect this might have in the pupils
generally.
SIGNIFICANT
OF THE STUDY
This
research work will give proper understanding about the effect of single
parenthood on children academic performance of pupils in Egor Local Government
Area, and prevent them from developing attitude that may affect the child or
children academically.
It will also
enable the government to understand and be able to face the danger and problem
of single parenthood and find ways of curbing this danger that is eating deep
into the fabric of our society.
SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
This study
is expected to cover all the primary school in Egor Local Government Area of
Edo State to find out the effect of single parenthood on the academic
performance of pupils in the primary school. But considering the fact that
there are many primary schools in the local government, the researcher limited
it to some selected primary school in the local government.
Ugbowo
Primary School, Ugbowo.
Edaiken
Primary School.
Eweka
Primary School, Useh.
Iyesigie
Primary School, Uselu.
DEFINITION
OF SOME RELATED TERMS
Single
Parent: This usually refers to a parent who has most of the day to day responsibilities
in the raising of the child or children.
Academic: A place of training.
Pupils:
These are boys and girls who learn in primary school.
Performance:
This is the result of an achievement of an individual in his/her place of
study.
Primary
Caregiver: This is a parent that the child or child spend most of their time
with.
Family: This
is a group consisting of one or two parent and their children.
Divorce:
This is the legal ending of a marriage.
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