Skip to main content

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXPENDITURE CONTROL-METHODS-IN-GOVERNMENT-AND-PRIVATELY OWNED-HOSPITALS


ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE/ABSTRACT OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
                                                                                                     
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY.
THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420







A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXPENDITURE CONTROL-METHODS-IN-GOVERNMENT-AND-PRIVATELY OWNED-HOSPITALS



Abstract
This research work on A Comparative Study of Expenditure Controls method in Government and private Hospitals is aimed at studying and analysing the different methods of expenditure control that is being adopted by these hospitals, their practical application and their level of effectiveness. It is aimed at carrying out a comparative analysis of two hospitals. To achieve the aim of this research, secondary data through textbooks and journals were used to review some of the related literatures. Equally, questionnaires, interview and observation, which sought to find out facts needed for analysing, were used.


The questionnaires were analyzed by simple percentages while hypothesis were tested using chi-square statistics. The findings of the analysis indicate among others that the method of expenditure control used by both hospitals are not the same; The daily control method for private hospitals and the vote card method for Government Hospitals. The different methods of expenditure control used by the two hospitals are effective, but with slight loopholes associated with vote card method. I recommend among others that both hospitals should adhere strictly to authorization procedure for drug purchased and materials purchases. Both hospitals should exhibit high degree of cash management and employ competent personnel for proper and efficient expenditure control.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Approval page ii
Certification page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vii

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background Of The Study 1
1.2 Statement Of the Problem 4
1.3 Objectives Of The Study 6
1.4 Research Questions 6
1.5 Formulation Of Hypotheses 7
1.6 Significance Of The Study 8
1.7 Scope Of The Study 9
1.8 Limitations Of The Study 9
1.9 Definitions Of Terms 10

Chapter Two

2.0 Review Of Related Literature 12
2.1 Introduction 12
2.2 Overview Of Expenditure Control 12
2.3 The Expenditure Control Methods 14
2.4 Internal Auditing Overview 19
2.5 Management Audit 25
2.6 Cost Benefit Analysis 27
2.7 Quantitative Models For Expenditure Control 28
2.8 Items Related To the Income Generated In A Hospital 32
2.9 Items Related To The Expenditure Of A Hospital 36
2.10 The Expenditure Control Method That Are In Application 37
2.11 Vote Card Method of Expenditure Control 42

Chapter Three

Research design and Methodology
3.0 Introduction 45
3.1 Sources of Data 46
3.2 Research Instrument 47
3.3 Reliability and Validity of Research Instrument. 48
3.4 Population 49
3.5 Sample Size/Technique 50
3.6 Administration Of Research Instrument 52
3.7 Method Of Data Analysis 52
3.8 Decision Criterion For Validation Of Hypotheses 53

Chapter Four

4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis 54
4.1 Data Analysis/Presentation 54
4.2 Testing Of Hypotheses 67
4.3 Discussion of Findings 75

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary of findings, Conclusion and Recommendations 78
5.1 Summary of findings 78
5.2 Conclusion 79
5.3 Recommendation s 79
Bibliography 82
Appendix 1 85

Appendix 2 86


CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Expenditure control or cost control is part of management control process, in every organisation.
This process is very important to any organisation be it profit making organisation or non-profit making organisation. Thus, lack of this practice in any organisation will cause misapplication of cash in cash disbursement process and this will create a very big problem leading the organisation into deficit and at an extreme case, the organisation might wind up. Many researches have been conducted in the reason for winding up of companies and organisation in which lack of expenditure control process had found responsible.
Expenditure control has been defined as the process by which managers utilize effectively and efficiently, the scarce,




HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK

PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).

HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420

(1)    Your project topics
(2)     Email Address
(3)     Payment Name
(4)    Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert

BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.

OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.



FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420



AFFILIATE LINKS:
myeasyproject.com.ng
easyprojectmaterials.com
easyprojectmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterial.net.ng
easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
projectmaterials.com.ng
googleprojectsng.blogspot.com
myprojectsng.blogspot.com.ng
https://projectmaterialsng.blogspot.com.ng/


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

PUBLIC RELATIONS AS A TOOL FOR INDUSTRIAL HARMONY. (A CASE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY)

  ATTENTION: BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!   INFORMATION: YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420       PUBLIC RELATIONS AS A TOOL FOR INDUSTRIAL HARMONY. (A CASE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY) ABSTRACT There has been a meaningful contribution by researchers on this subject; public Relations. So this project developed after a series of consultation and research. In order to put to rest the about is the mind of many as to whether public relation is necessary in an industry or organization, I strongly believe that the industry is the means through which public relation is mostly propagat

EFFECTS OF KARGASOK TEA ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF NORMOTENSIV MAN

ATTENTION: BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU! INFORMATION: YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420 EFFECTS OF KARGASOK TEA ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF NORMOTENSIV MAN TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT LIST OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 SOURCE AND HISTORY OF KARGASOK TEA 1.2 PHARMACOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF KARGASOK TEA 1.3 NORMAL REGULATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE 1.4 ETIOLOGY OF HYPERTENSION 1.5 BASIC PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH PROJECT CHAPTER TWO 2.0 MATERIAL AND METHODS 2.1 PREPARATION OF KARGASOK TEA 2.2 QUESTIONNAIRES OF KARGASOK TEA 2.

PUBLIC RELATIONS AS A TOOL FOR INDUSTRIAL HARMONY. (A CASE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY)

  ATTENTION: BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!   INFORMATION: YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420       PUBLIC RELATIONS AS A TOOL FOR INDUSTRIAL HARMONY. (A CASE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY) ABSTRACT There has been a meaningful contribution by researchers on this subject; public Relations. So this project developed after a series of consultation and research. In order to put to rest the about is the mind of many as to whether public relation is necessary in an industry or organization, I strongly believe that the industry is the means through which public relation is mostly propagat