AN APPRAISAL OF PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GEOGRAPHY IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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AN APPRAISAL
OF PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GEOGRAPHY IN SOME
SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This study
was set to investigate the performance of senior secondary schools students in
geography in some selected secondary school in Odogbolu Local Government Area
of Ogun State.
And in
achieving this, four major hypothesis were formulated for testing, based on the
following variable interest in the study.
Family
Background: The teachers’ attitude and qualification, Attitude of Senior
Secondary School Students’ themselves and the available of material and
facilities.
The
researcher made use of the descriptive survey research method in carrying out
the study. One hundred sample elements were randomly selected among the Senior
School Students in the three (3) Secondary School used for the study.
The study
made use of the questionnaire as the main instrument in gathering information
needed for the study. The data collected was analyzed using the descriptive and
inferential statistics of frequencies, percentages and Chi-square (x2).
The result
indicated that:
The family
background of the Senior Secondary School Students would definitely influence
their performance in geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun-State.
The
teachers’ attitude and qualification world also to a greater extent affect the
performance of Senior Secondary School Students in geography in Odogbolu Local
Government Area of Ogun – State.
The attitude
of the Senior Secondary School Students themselves towards geography would
definitely affect their actual performance in the subject.
Lastly that
the availability of adequate and modern materials and facilities (including
textbooks) would influence the performance of Senior Secondary School Students
in geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State.
Based on the
results and findings of the study certain salient recommendation were made.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Secondary
School is seen as a center for a living in a modern age of science and
technology. It was on the basis of this that Sofolahan’s Committee (1971)
recommend geography as one of the core subject and this was agreed upon.
This
emphasis on geography came as a result of advances in sciences and technology
in the developed countries and their diffusion to developed countries which
Nigeria is one Fafunwa (1971) accepts this when he writes “we are in a world of
science and technology have become an integral part of the world.
At the
Senior Secondary School Level geography is taught, this is in a response to the
would wide move towards curriculum integration. An implication to this
statement is that new trends should not be accepted unquestiongly and that
teachers should understand the nature of geography and the need to integrate
the components that make up geography and relate geography or nature to man
which in this case is the study of GEOGRAPHY.
The nature
of geography on National Policy on Education Stipulated that geography should
be one of the core subject taught in Secondary School Level.
The choice
of geography is based on sound pedagogical standing point. It present the whole
of science and social science as the intricately, interwind and intellectually,
integrated, enterprise that it is.
A curriculum
that is subject centre does not foster the development of view of the life
which, education has as its major objective. Besides students at this level
have psychological deposition which makes them see event or phenomena, in a
unified manner.
Furthermore,
if the principal function of geography instruction on the Senior Secondary
School is general education for the majority few of whom may become geography
major this function is best serves by renewing social science in as a broad
scope as possible hence according to the are curriculum for geography when the
term social science is applied, it means that the course is devised and
presented in such a way that the child:-
(a) Gains
the concepts of the fundamental unit of geography.
(b) Gains
the communality approach to problems of scientific nature.
(c) It
helped to gain an understanding of the function of science and technology and
social science in everyday life and the world in which he/she lives so
geography occupies a special position in the Secondary School curriculum it
represent the foundation stones for subsequent instruction in the social
science in later life for a student who wish to pursue a social science related
career and a general introduction to the sciences for the other who may wish to
purse either. Humanity based on vocational inclined studies the success or
failure of geography instruction at the stage of Senior Secondary, is therefore
of importance.
A solid
foundation of geography would equip Millions of Senior Secondary School
Students for successful social science career, thereby indirectly contributing
to the much needed science and technological advancement of the Nigerian
society.
A poor
foundation may have negative consequence. It is for these reasons that
geography should be properly and effectively taught to students in Senior
Secondary School to do this all aspects of geography curriculum must be taught
to students in senior secondary school to do this all aspect of geography
curriculum must be taught to student lf they are to have a balanced
introduction of science and social science
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The academic
performance of pupils in Senior Secondary School Examination in Odogbolu Local
Government Area of Ogun State has been very poor for instance the final
examination (WASSCE) results for S.S.S. III geography for the past three year
indicated a high rate of failure.
The table
below show the failure rate in geography in some selected Secondary Schools. In
Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State.
TABLE 1
GROSS
FAILURE RATE IN S.S.S. 3 GEOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS FROM 2005-2007
Year
No
Passed
Failed
% failed
% passed
2005
1,500
600
900
60
40
2006
2,400
1,000
1,400
58.3
41.7
2007
2,800
1,000
1,800
64.2
34.2
N = Total no
of candidates who sat for the examination.
Many people
have wondered what could be responsible for this, could this be in. anyway
related to factor such as:
1) Teacher’s
qualification.
2) Family
Background of the students.
3)
Socio-economic, status of parent
4) The
school environment.
5) The
curriculum itself.
6) The
textbooks.
7)
Laboratory facilities.
8) Teachers
condition of services.
9) Interest
attitudes and ability of student a some other salient factors.
1.3 OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
The
objectives of the study are:
v To
determine the performance of the students in the selected schools.
v To
identify the effects of teacher’s attitudes and qualification on the
performance of the student in geography.
v To identify
the effects of student’s attitude on their performance in geography.
v To bring
out the effect of socio-economic status of parents on the performance of the
student in geography.
v To
identify the environmental factors which affects the performance of the
students in geography.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This project
shall be of valuable importance to the federal government and the Ogun State
Government in general. But it will be of great importance to Odogbolu Local
Government to determine how far they have gone in achieving their Educational
aims and objectives with particular references to science and social science.
Furthermore,
it will help in solving pupils difficulties. In science are as and hence
ensuring that our future scientists have solid foundation. This project has
been able to identify some problem that affect the performance of students in
geography and has been able to recommend lasting solutions to those problems
and the factors causing them
1.5 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Specially,
the appraisal was a correlational study of the above tested variable or factor
in 1.2 or a sample of Senior Secondary School Students achievements in
geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun-State.
The
inference drawn from the study were therefore limited to the precise sample in
question. The main limitation is in the fact that only Six of the multi various
identifiable variables that might have influence the performance of the
students in geography are consider in this study.
1.6
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
(1)
Appraisal: This means an investigation or find out. It can also be referred to
as a guess to confirm.
(2)
Performance: An Act or action of a person or somebody.
(3) Data:
The analysis of the appraisal made in Arithmetical form or order.
(4)
Geography: The word geography is coined from two Greek words geo-meaning the
earth and graph meaning to describe so geography is the description of the
earth it is also defined as the study of people their activities, places and
physical things within the earth.
(5)
Discipline: To Train and control the mind and character of some one or to
produce self control habit of obedience.
(6)
Curriculum: Brief written account of one’s past history or course of study in a
school, college e.t.c.
(7)
Subsidiary: Serving as a help or support but not as of first importance
(8)
Stratified: Arrange in strata.
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