ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE OF THE
PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE
TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO
PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN
CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
Poverty And
The Nigerian Economy
ABSTRACT:
This
research study by means of robust statistical analysis investigated the poverty
situation in Nigeria and how it affects the citizens and the economy at large.
This research was taken in a period of 25 years which is from 1985 –2010. The
ordinary least square method was used to investigate this work.
The
empirical analysis carried out showed that the Nigerian economy has changed
from a diversified economy to a mono economy because of the over dependence of
the oil sector and this has resulted to the increase of poverty in Nigeria
Using the
ordinary least square regression we see that there is a positive relationship
between the per capital income and the GDP of the country, positive
relationship between government expenditure on health and GDP but a negative
relationship between government expenditure on education and unemployment and
the GDP of the country.
The Nigerian
government in curbing this problem of poverty has introduced many poverty
alleviation policies and programmes but they have all been a failure because
the implementation of these policies did not take into cognizance the masses
that they are doing these policies for.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Poverty has
many aspects of perception. Some people or most people take poverty as
deprivation and deficiency. But poverty is a phenomenon which has historical,
social, psychological, cultural and international dimension, these
means that
poverty’s definition depen looks at it.
As there are
variations in the living standard of people round the world the same way the
economic growth rates vary from one nation to another. Some countries are poor;
some are fairly well off while others are rich. However as everything is
relative so is poverty, what most people in the united states today see as
stark poverty would be seen as luxury in some parts of Asia and Africa.
The key
variables by which the poor can be singled out are: food, income, health,
freedom, justice, equity etc. And all these variables mentioned above are the
key challenges facing our beloved country Nigeria today. But the key challenge
facing Nigeria and other developing countries is how the country can
sustainably
feed her population and people.
Although Nigeria
has one of
the world’s biggest
economi
( averaging
7.4% over the last decade) and also blessed with plenty of natural resources
such as oil, but still it retains a high level of poverty with 63% living below
$1 daily. When one talks about poverty in Nigeria it knows no bound as it is
visible in all aspects and segments of the society. Poverty is not just limited
in the rural areas it is also evident in the urban areas slums in the country.
As said
earlier poverty is relative and also physical. It is physical because one can
note its effects on the people that are affected by poverty and it is relative
because what is regarded as poverty in some nations can be seen in other
nations as luxury.
The poor are
those that have limited and insufficient food, poor clothing, live in crowded
and dirty shelter (Galbraith 1995), cannot afford medical care and recreations,
cannot meet family and community obligations and other necessities of life.
When we come home there is no precise definition or explanation needed for an
individual to know what poverty is, as many people cannot afford decent food
,medical care, recreation, decent shelter and clothing meet up with family
obligations etc, no wonder poverty is regarded as a form of oppression (UNDP
conference Report,15-17 March 2011).
Poverty
means more than been impoverished and more than just lacking financial means,
it is an overall condition of inadequacy, lack and scarcity, deficiency of
economic, political and social resources. These are a broader perspective of
poverty which reflects its true dimensions. Therefore someone
can be said
to be in poverty if the person’s inco cultural and social) are so inadequate as
to exclude them from having a
standard of
living which is regarded as acceptable by the society generally. Poverty is not
a respecter of creed, race or educated and uneducated, it affects all when it
strikes. Nigeria is a country that enjoys the bountiful environment of nature
and yet cannot appropriate the natural resources to its advantage. It is greatly
ironic that at the last two decades Nigeria has received over $300 billion on
oil and gas revenue and at the same time the population of the critically poor
has been doubled. Nigeria has been described as a paradox by the World Bank
(1996) in the sense that the poverty level in Nigeria contradicts
the
country’s immense wealth. Nigeri poorest countries at the threshold of the 21st
century whereas she was among
the richest
50 in the early 1970s.
The big
question is what are the causes of this poverty despite t immense wealth and
natural resources? The shift in emphasis from agriculture
to oil
exploration in theTheseshiftearlytransformed 70’s
the
country’seconomytoamono economy making us to abandon other sectors that give us
revenue like agriculture. The fact that the resources generated by oil are not
been invested in the non oil part of the economy of which 90% of Nigerians
depend on for their livelihood is another issue. It has been estimated that
more than 80% of all poor live in the rural areas of which 92% of them live in
absolute poverty. And these poor people in the rural areas are mostly into our
abandoned agriculture, they are usually small scaled.
Many
administrations have tried eradicating poverty in the wrong way, most
administration think that by enhancing growth and development of the cities
that it would subsequently promote the development of the rural communities
by
wayckledownof effect’’“tri but these rather c people in the cities and those in
the villages. The villages became disadvantaged, isolated, dull as the youth
and able bodied men left the village
to escape
the rural drudgery and also search for white collar jobs.
Nigeria has
in its own way tried to eradicate poverty through many poverty alleviation
programmes which were geared towards reduction of poverty in the country. The
poverty alleviation and development plan started in year 1994, the structural
adjustment programme of 1986, the national accelerated food production project,
the poverty alleviation programme of early 2000 which looked at employment and
crime wave among the youths, the operation feed
the nation
of 1976, USAID of 1975 but so far all these programmes have failed to obtain
their objective which is reduction of poverty.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem
of poverty in Nigeria is not to be entirely blamed on lack of sufficient
resources but also on the allocation and management of these resources that are
available for use.
Despite the
fact that monetary measures is simple studies have shown that these measures
are deficient (Revallion 1996). Revallion argues that poverty is multi faceted;
therefore multi indicators are necessary including measures of real expenditure
per adult access to non market goods like health and education. Hence for
effective poverty measurement there is needed to go beyond money metric
measures. It is necessary to employ multi dimensional approach in which
expenditure on
market goods is placed indicators of intra household distribution. These will
help us to understand the
causes of
poverty more so that better policies that can fight poverty can be formulated.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
objectives of the study are to evaluate the performances of the Nigerian
economy. Specifically the study tends to examine
ü How the Nigerian economy had fared in the
poverty trend
ü The effect of poverty on output.
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
ü There is no positive trend of poverty in
Nigeria
ü There is no effect of poverty on output in
Nigeria
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study
attempts to put together the poverty cases in the Nigeria economy and its
effects on the people. This study should serve as a document for those with
power strong enough to influence anti - poverty policies. It should be regarded
as a guide to policy matters in our country Nigeria and other third world countries.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The scope of
this study is to analyze the Nigerian economy on poverty. This duty is limited
to the Nigerian economy for the period of 1986 -2010.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following
instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written
material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount
(#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project
topics
(2) Email
Address
(3) Payment
Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after
we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE LINKS:
myeasyproject.com.ng
easyprojectmaterials.com
easyprojectmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterials.net.ng
easyprojectsmaterial.net.ng
easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
projectmaterials.com.ng
googleprojectsng.blogspot.com
myprojectsng.blogspot.com.ng
https://projectmaterialsng.blogspot.com.ng/
Comments
Post a Comment