COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING TO SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC, ENUGU)
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COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING
TO SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (A
CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC, ENUGU)
ABSTRACT
Various criteria had been used to define small and medium
scale enterprises in different countries of the world. In Nigeria, small and medium scale
enterprises are defined as those in the industrial sector, which exclude
general commerce, whose total capital investment does not exceed N2.5 million
(including land and working capital or whose maximum turnover is N12.5 million
annually).
These enterprises are very essential and important for the
economic development of any economy.
They serve as sources of raw materials for the large-scale enterprises,
channel of employment and for rural development. As a result, the monetary authorities through
the Central Bank of Nigeria (C.B.N.) credit guideline directed the commercial
banks to give a certain percentage of their total assets to the small and
medium scale enterprises as credit.
The project aims at examining the extent the commercial bank
have completed with the guideline in providing credit to the small and medium
scale enterprises, if they have complied, how adequate are the financial
assistance and what the impediments on their way are. At the end suggestions will be made for
improving or increasing credit facilities to the sector.
The main source of material of this project is primary
sources such as interviews.
Data analysis does not go into statistical theorems and
methods but based on simple comprise and percentages.
Bases on the analysis, finding emerged, recommendations for
improvement of credit faculties to the small and medium scale enterprises made
and finally conclusion drawn.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of problem
1.3
Objectives of the study
1.4
Significance of the study
1.5
Hypothesis
1.6 Scope
and limitation of the study
1.7
Organisation of work
1.8
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Introduction
2.2 The
Nigerian banking system – an overview
2.3 The
central banking
2.4
Commercial banks
2.5
Development banking
2.6 Merchant
banking
2.7 The role
of small scale industries to economics development
2.8 The
definition of small industries
2.9 The
financial needs of the small scale enterprises
2.10 The
commercial banking industry and the small scale enterprises
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Sources
of data
3.2
Questionnaire design
3.3
Determination of sample size
3.4 Method
of investigation
3.5
Validation of measuring instruments
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1
Introduction
4.2 Analysis
4.3 Test of
hypothesis
CHAPTER FIVE
FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Findings
5.2
Recommendations
5.3
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
So much had been said and written about commercial bank
lending to small and medium scale enterprises.
One still wonders why the small and medium scale enterprises are ever
faced with the age-old syndrome of inadequate funds. The presence of the small and medium scale
industries are not found in large numbers in very city, towns and villages as
one would have thought, at least judging by the preponderance of attention it
had been enjoying for long time now. Yet
the problem is regarded as an ever-flagged issue even with out any real
practical solution in sight.
Due to the relevance of the small and medium scale
enterprises to the rapid economic development of the country, I consider any
research into how to proliferate the economy with relevant small and medium
scale enterprises very essential to our survival and growth; hence the
promoting of this research work.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The federal and state government has recognized the
importance of small and medium scale enterprises (SME) in accelerating the
economic development of the nation. As a
result the monetary and fiscal policy guidelines since 1990 had directed
commercial and merchant banks to increase their minimum lending limit to the
small and medium scale enterprises to 20 percent of their total credit
outstanding. The loan shall be strictly
for activities in the industrial sector. Prior to 2004 the prescribed minimum
was 16 percent.
Commercial banks have been complying fully with this laudable
objective of funding small and medium scale enterprises adequately as directed
by the Central Bank of Nigeria. Consequently, many of these small and medium
scale enterprises (SME) get “choked” “die” because of inadequate financial
support from the commercial banks.
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The relevance of the small and medium scale enterprises to
the rapid economic development of the country is very fundamental to our
survival as a people. The commercial
banks which number up to 120 in the country with branches spread all over the
country do not provide adequate credit to the small
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