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IMPACT OF
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY IN THE EDUCATIONAL SECTOR OF NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study
focused attention on the impact of emerging technology in the educational
system. Major emerging technology can be put into roughly six categories:
energy technology, transportation, information technology, biotechnology,
robotics, and material science. The Internet becomes an essential
infrastructure to integrate the information and Communication technologies
(ICT) used in various applications such as education and health Care as well as
in electronic commerce. The research instrument for data collection to be made
use of, in this research is the questionnaire owing the fact that most of the
respondents were engaged in classes and at work during this study and they
might hardly be available for interviews. The demographic data collected were
analysed through descriptive statistic such as frequency count and simple
percentage. To facilitate the acceptance or rejection of the stated hypothesis,
Correlation and regression method is used. In order to understand the context
surrounding ICTs and human and to suggest the implication to the policy makers,
more in depth and empirical researches are needed. Based on the result of
analysis, some further studies can be suggested, this research found that when
ordinary people such as teachers and students use ICTs, they need an
administrative person to assist them, which requires bottom-up needs analysis
on specific ICTs before the technological implementation.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Emerging
technologies are technologies in their infancy or adolescence that some
observers consider likely candidates for partially or completely replacing
legacy technologies. For instance, some futurists believe that nuclear power,
both fusion and fission and their new improvements will entirely replace the
burning of fossil fuel. This would be a highly appealing outcome, as it would
provide us with electricity without contributing to global warming. It should
be noted that some emerging technologies and their impacts are more speculative
than others, and have differing degree of support among expert. For instance,
futurists in the 1950s predicted flying cars and moon cities by the year 2000,
but these never happened. (www.wisegeeks.com/what)
Major emerging
technology can be put into roughly six categories: energy technology,
transportation, information technology, biotechnology, robotics, and material
science.
The Internet
becomes an essential infrastructure to integrate the information and
Communication technologies (ICT) used in various applications such as education
and health Care as well as in electronic commerce. In Korea, the government
established the Next-Generation Internet (NGI) networks by 2005 and an increase
of the portion of Internet users to 60percent of the population, thus laying
the groundwork for digital economy.
The NGI
infrastructure, aimed at boosting the average data transmission speed from the
then 33 Kbps to today`s 33 Mbps, which is expected to support info-tech venture
business.
According to
Korea Times (2001), the government will inject 93.1 billion into the
development of back bonenet works, expanding the coverage into remote areas
while strengthening the high-speed network gears to increase the base of online
users.
With connecting
universities and national labs with high-speed networks and Promoting
experimentation with next generation of networking technologies, emerging
technologies will Support new application services such as distance education,
health care, scientific research, national security, and environmental
monitoring. Recently, National Computerization Agency (NCA), an agency of
Ministry of Information and Communication USA, recommended seven core
technology application service areas such as distance learning, digital
library, digital government, virtual cooperation, telemedicine, virtual
research lab, and Video on Demand.
These new
applications could have profound effects upon professional practices and values
invarious fields as illustrated vivid vignettes in NGI planning documents
(Kling, 1998). Of the various application services, Education and Health Care
application services could widely impact almost all the people’s life. That is
the reason this research chooses educations application services.
This study
raise the most important question for the emerging technology, not how these
technologies and its application will be changed, but how the impact of its
application service will change our life and implicate key policy making. This
research focuses on one application service areas such as Education. This study
wraps up policy, Implications and application of technology in education
system.
Educational
technology, especially computer and computer related peripherals, have grown
tremendously and have permeated all areas of our lives. It is incomprehensible
that anyone today would argue that banks, hospitals or any industry should use
less technology. Most young people cannot understand arguments that schools
should limit technological use. For them, the use of the internet for example,
plays a major role in their relationship with their families and their schools.
Children and their parents generally thinks use of the internet enhance the
social life and academic work of teenagers.
The internet
is becoming an increasingly vital tool in our information society. More
children are going online of conduct such day-to-day activities as education,
business transactions, personal correspondence, research and
information-gathering and jobs searches. Each year, being digitally connected
becomes ever more critical to economic and educational advancement and
community participation, now that a large number of Americans regularly use the
internet to conduct daily activities. People who lack access to these tools are
at a growing disadvantage. Therefore, raising the level of digital inclusion by
increasing the number of teenagers using the technology tools of the digital
age is a vitally important for national goal, (U.S Department and Information
Administration, 2000.p. xv).
ICT
revolution has transformed the national educational system such that it has
changed the means and method of studying, the modalities of schools operations,
and the way people thinks about what education could be and should do. Through
the use of the internet, it is possible, fast and easy to access learning
materials anywhere. This has led to the development of interest by tertiary
institutes. A classic example is the University of Benin, Nigeria, which has
started to use telecommunication and computer for teaching.
Emerging
technology and communication offers numerous opportunities for the educational
system In Nigeria. Course materials can be posted on the internet for easy
access to students and assignment can be communicated through email messages.
Teachers/ lecturers can be accessed around the clock by the modes of
transmission e.g. video conferencing.
1.2STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
According to
Eason K.D (1998), edutech is the future change of growth in any economy, Chan,
yaw-Jane (2005) also sighted that technology has brought about transactional
distance in World Wide Web learning environment, innovation in education and
teaching.
But most
people seem not to understand the social implication of technology in the
educational service sector especially in Nigeria. As there is a dearth in
knowledge in understanding the interacting limit between learning and teaching
especially when it comes to distance learning program. Neither have there been
much study in Nigeria of how e-library and other technology usage affects the
quality of education and reading culture among Nigerian students. This study
examined critically the impact of emerging technology in the educational system
in Nigeria.
1.3OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
1. To investigate if there is a
significant relationship between quality of education and technology used in
distance learning program.
2. To examine the social implication of
technology on the educational service sector.
3. To determine if there is any
relationship between e-library usage and reading culture among students.
1.4RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What is the relationship between
quality of education and technological usage in distance learning program.
2. What degree of relationship exists
between e-library usage and reading culture among students.
3. What is the social implication of
technology on educational service sector.
1.5RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
1) Quality of education does not have
any significant relationship with distance learning program.
2) E-library has no significant
relations with reading culture among students
3) Technology usage has no social impact
on education service sector.
1.6SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This study
will bring to the forefront the need for a well-integrated and functional
information and communications technology approach to improving the educational
system.
It will
bring to the forefront the social benefits, diversifications, and settlement of
dispute between the best teaching method between distance and physical learning
methods
Based on the
research, this study is aimed at showing the impact of revolutionised
technology in education and how it enhances student`s performance.
1.7SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The scope of
this research is to bring to awareness the benefit that accrues from the
efficient use of information and communication technology in the educational
system. It will also gear up all stakeholders involved in the educational
system to the need for sound ICT skills.
This study
is aimed at reducing the high cost involved in the organisation of educational
structures in some backward countries and it will also effectively improve
students’ performance if this research is applied.
1.8OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Information:
This is a processed data that gives idea of a particular knowledge. Knowledge
communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance.
Communication:
This is the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to
another.
Technology:
This is referred to the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools,
machine, technology, craft, system, and method of organisation, in order to
solve a problem.
E-learning:
This refers to the use of electronic media, information and communication
technology (ICT) in education
Revolutionize:
change radically or fundamentally.
Internet:
The internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use a
standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users
worldwide.
Wireless
communication: This is the transfer of information between two or more points
that are not connected by an electrical conductor. (wikipedia.org
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