UTILIZATION OF WILD TOMATO RELATIVE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED TOMATO LINES FOR HIGH HUMIDITY ENVIRONMENT
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UTILIZATION
OF WILD TOMATO RELATIVE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED TOMATO LINES FOR HIGH
HUMIDITY ENVIRONMENT
ABSTRACT
An effort to
obtain a tomato cultivar that would adapt to high temperature and high humidity
condition in
the southern part of Nigeria in order to increase tomato yield in this part
of the
country has been in progress for the past nine years (2000-2008).The research
was carried
out at the Faculty of Agriculture Research Farm, University of Nigeria,
Nsukka
located in the derived savanna zone latitude 0.6o52, N, longitude 07o 24, E,
447.26 m
altitude. Three cultivated tomato varieties (Solanum lycopersicon) Roma
VF, Tropica
(Derica), Nsukka Local and a wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium
and their
progenies were used in the study for the development of a novel tomato
cultivar for
commercial production. The results of the frequency distributions of the
parents and
progenies showed continuous variation in fruit size thus suggesting fruit
size in
tomato as a polygenic trait that is controlled by multiplicative gene action.
Genetic
progress made over the generations equally revealed that highest genetic gain
was obtained
at the F11 generation over all the generations studied with a decline at
the F12
generation.
Correlation
coefficients revealed positive associations between
yield and
all the yield components in all the generations. Path coefficient analysis
showed that
number of flowers per plant had the highest direct effect on yield.
Principal
component analysis had number of flowers per plant and fruits per plant as
the highest
weighting factors. Genotype by trait (GT) biplot analysis revealed that
Roma x Wild
out performed the other hybrids for the yield traits measured. The
results of
different statistical analyses performed rated Roma x Wild as the best
genotype
among the three cross combinations (Roma x Wild, Local x Wild and
Tropica x
Wild) that will replace the original parents for adaptability under high
humidity
environment. Among the agronomic traits studied, number of flowers per plant
and number of fruits per plant were of considerable importance, thus selection
based on
these traits will enhance yield in tomato. The genotype (Roma x Wild) gave higher
yield and was more tolerant to high humidity conditions.
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