ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CONSUMPTION OF BASIC FOOD ITEMS (A CASE STUDY OF AKURE, ONDO STATE)
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ECONOMETRIC
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CONSUMPTION OF BASIC FOOD ITEMS (A CASE STUDY OF
AKURE, ONDO STATE)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Food
consumption has been a subject of research all over the world. It is especially
meaningful in developing countries where food expenditures account for a
relatively large share of household income. Studies of food consumption shed
light on food-related nutritional policies. They provide estimates of how food
consumption is affected by changes in prices, income, and taxation policies
(Dunne and Edkins, 2005). Food consump-tion in Nigeria has been an important
issue, not only because it is related to poverty and food security, but also
because it is highly correlated with living standards and household resource.
Essentially, the demand for food depends on population and the dietary
habits/per capita daily calorie intake of the people under consideration. On
the other hand, the food requirement of the nation is dependent on an
additional factor namely; food import and export balance. On the national
level, per-capita growth of production of major foods in Nigeria has not been
sufficient to satisfy the demands of an increasing population (Kormawa, 1999).
The result is a big gap between national supply and national demand for food.
Malnutrition is still widespread and eloquently manifested in the high levels
of severe and moderate underweight among children coupled with the high rates
of infant and under-five mortality and low life expectancy at birth (Maziya-Dixon
et al., 2004; UNDP, 2005). Household food consumption pattern in Nigeria has
been undergoing dramatic changes over the last few years. There has been an
increase in the consumption of carbohydrate foods like yam, cassava, maize and
rice and some decrease in the consumption of such food items as fish, fresh
fruits, as well as fresh and processed vegetables. Average calorie and protein
intake by Nigerians is only at the threshold of adequacy. The daily per capital
calorie supply as a proportion of requirement was 90% in 1988-1990 and 85%
between 1992-1996 (FOS, 1999). Accor ding to FAO (1999), Nigeria managed to
reduce the prevalence of undernourishment by more than 30% points between 1979-
1981 and 1996-1998. The number dropped from 44% to 8%. The depth of hunger in
Nigeria remains 210 Kcal per person per day while the diet comprised of 64%
cereals and roots and tubers. Understanding household food consumption pattern
in the North-Central zone is therefore very important for market assessment of
agricultural products as well as household food security.
STATEMENT OF
THE GENERAL PROBLEM
The economic
recession which has significantly affected all sectors of the economy
especially the agricultural has affected the feeding pattern of the Nigerian
masses. the poor feeding pattern of Nigerians has had its toll on the level of
productivity of the masses as it is often said that a hungry man is an angry
man thus the cases of crime and social vices that has been on the increase in
these recession.
AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major
aim of the study is to examine the effect of consumption of basic food items in
Nigeria. Other specific objectives of the study include;
To examine the necessity of feeding on the
economy of Nigeria.
To examine the major classes of food
consumes by Nigerians using Akure as the case study.
To recommend ways of improving the feeding
pattern of residents.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
What is the effect of consumption of basic
food items?
What is the necessity of feeding on the
economy of Nigeria?
To examine the major classes of food
consumes by Nigerians using Akure as the case study?
To recommend ways of improving the feeding
pattern of residents?
RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
H0: There is
no significant effect of consumption of food items on consumers
H1: There is
a significant effect of consumption of food items on consumers
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The study
would be of immense importance to the general public as it would reveal the
effect of consumption of basic food items in Nigeria. The study would also be
of immense importance to students, researchers and scholars who are interested
in developing further studies on the subject matter.
SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The study is
restricted to the effect of consumption of basic food items in Akure metropolis
in Ondo state.
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