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IMPACT OF
COMPUTER IN TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ECONOMICS IN PARTICULAR AND EDUCATION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Economies is
said to be a study of prudent use of merger resources in the society. The aim
of economic activity is the production of goods and services for the
satisfaction of human wants, but broad aim of economic policy may be regarded
as ensuring that as many as possible of those wants are satisfied.
In Nigeria,
economics as a subject was introduced into its curriculum in the year 1967,
only ten candidates registered for the subject in Senior Secondary School final
year examination. Presently, Nigeria has a high percentage of candidates who
register and sit for economic yearly for both West African Senior Secondary
Certificate Examination (WASSCE) and National Examination Council (NECO),
because of its relevance to all sphere of profession (Odunsanya, 2001).
The West
African Examination Council syllabus states the aims and objectives of
economics at the secondary level as follows:
i. Knowledge
of the structure and functioning of economic institutions, commercial,
industrial and financial
ii.
Understanding of basic economic principles, concepts, and tools for economic
analysis.
iii. To
prepare students for higher education in the field of economics.
iv. How to
manage the available resources
v. Ability
to follow the role and status of West African countries encounter in their
economic development.
In achieving
these aims and objectives, the use of Information and Communication Technology
( COMPUTER) as a teaching aid in teaching and learning of economics in senior
secondary schools comes in arises.
The term
information encompasses a wide range and variety of things ranging from oral
and printed words, figures, statements, file and document to such intangible
elements as sound, signal rays and waves. Whatever the form information takes,
the essence of information is that, it conveys a message (UNESCO 1979).
Technology
refers to the application of scientific knowledge while information technology
is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, p
computerorial, textual and numerical information by a micro base combination of
computing and telecommunication. Telecommunication is a special form of communication
in which information is conveyed over long distance.
Information
and Communication Technology ( COMPUTER) refers to different things to many
people, some view information and communication as techniques required for
information processing that involves the use of electronic computers and
computer software to create, store, protect, process, transport, select,
change, receive and display many kind of information, while others refer to it
as the functions of developing, acquiring, testing, implementing and
maintaining electronics system to source for information.
Basically,
COMPUTER is classified into three groups namely:
• Those that
process information. E.g computer
• Those that
disseminate information. E.g communication
• Those for
presentation of information e.g multimedia.
Information
and communication technology ( COMPUTER) influences and affects everyone’s
private and cooperate work life. Information technology is an advantage in
every career, especially as a teacher. COMPUTER revolution seems to have
created a new body of knowledge that has affected all mankind. The needs for
professional growth of teachers noted by Akinseinde (1990) is a result of the
challenges and concern caused by knowledge explosion in reaction to
professional obsolesce in almost every field of human endeavours.
As a
teacher, one needs to improve learning instruction as well as to communicate
effectively. The more effective a teacher is at work life and resourceful
management of content, the better and less cumbersome his or her task becomes.
Ilyas Mohammed (1986) stipulated the benefits of information technology to
economics, as an important aid to learning and teaching a wide topic in economics,
ranging from statistics, measure of tendency, national income etc.
The use of
COMPUTER assists the teacher in keeping students’ record, computing examination
results, preparation of lesson notes and making statutory records to be kept
and handled easily. Basically, the utilization of COMPUTER as a teaching aid
for teachers, makes the art of teaching more creative and dynamic, making
learning more concrete, real, immediate and retentive. Subsequently, it makes
the dual process of teaching and learning more pleasurable without reducing
from its level of efficacy and effectiveness.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Things are
changing globally, and there are different and modern ways of doing things, if
the essence of the educational policy is aimed at producing man-power which can
cope with the ever-changing modern world, and be part of the global village
“the chalk and talk method, hardly bringing participatory/interactive methods
must give way to the use of innovative and technological driven, which the COMPUTER
proffers” (Chinyere-Chris-archive 2004).
The
overwhelming and glaring features of the present educational system and
structures are the abnormal and unending deterioration of the quality of
education at all level-over the years, the WAEC and NECO results have
constantly elicited this groin reality which seriously necessitates urgent
attention. Thus, it is the aim of this study to provide a template on which the
revival of the educational system can be built.
1.3 PURPOSE
OF STUDY
The purpose
of the study includes:
1. To
ascertain the level of exposure of students and teachers to COMPUTER
2. To study
the influence of COMPUTER on teachers efficiency and effectiveness.
3. To
investigate the impact of COMPUTER on students performance in economics
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Due to
overwhelming documented evidence which COMPUTER has brought to bear on so many
fields of endeavours. It is just appropriate to investigate as stated in the
purpose of study as seek to answers to the following research questions:
1. How
exposed are the students and teachers alike to COMPUTER facilities?
2. In what
ways can COMPUTER influence teacher’s efficiency and effectiveness
3. In what
ways can COMPUTER influence students’ performance?
1.5
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES
1. Ho: The
students and teachers are not exposed to COMPUTER facilities
H1: The
students and teachers are exposed to COMPUTER facilities
2. Ho:
COMPUTER does not have significant influence on teachers’ efficiency and
effectiveness in teaching economics
H1: COMPUTER
have significant influence on teachers’ efficiency and
effectiveness
in teaching economics.
3. Ho: The
impact of COMPUTER is not significant on students performance in
economics
H1: The
impact of COMPUTER significant on students’ performance in
economics
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This
research study is significant because, firstly, it creates an interactive
medium which will enhance self learning culture, it will also motivate students
to learn and encourage students participation in classroom activities because
both psychomotor and auditory skills activity will be used.
Secondly, it
sensitized teachers and students in the need to be COMPUTER (computer) literate
for personal and professional competence in this era of globalization
Lastly, it
provides information on the influence of COMPUTER on teaching and learning of
economics and other subjects
1.7 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION
This study
is intended to cover senior secondary in one local government area in Lagos
State. However, due to unforeseen circumstances like time and financial
constraints as well as bureaucracy that makes accessibility to information
difficult or nearly impossible, certain modification had to be made.
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